ArcEngine之地图制图(从窗体创建、功能完善到界面美化）

ArcEngine之地图制图

说明窗体界面搭建MapControl与PageLayoutControl地图数据联动插入制图要素（标题文字、比例尺、指北针、图例）标题文字比例尺指北针图例保持ToolBarControl中的工具在数据和布局视图中均能够使用 窗体美化结果图

说明

在地图联动开发中，运行时会遇到这样一个问题，也没具体细致去看是为什么，不过能够**“继续”运行；对于插入制图要素部分，列出的代码是实现固定类型的制图要素（除文字标题外）和固定的位置**，你也可以丰富其功能，使制图要素能够在SymbolControl控件中选择；但有一个方法使得对MapControl有作用的ToolBarControl内的工具，也对PageLayoutControl控件有作用，能够调整制图要素的位置和其内地图的显示。对于打印输出功能，类型也有很多，最简单的是直接输出MapControl视口范围的图像；也可以是只输出整个地图范围的（应用较广，更符合实际的需求），这里我不做具体介绍。

窗体界面搭建

对于窗体界面的搭建，最基本的控件包括MenuStrip、ToolBarControl、TOCControl、TabControl容器、MapControl、PageLayoutControl、LicenseControl；可能刚接触的会遇到下面的问题，当仅仅把控件放到某个位置，运行后“最大化”会发现，控件位置不会随窗体界面的增大而布局合理，因为它属于绝对布局；解决方法有两种：①使用SplitContainer容器，将对应控件放到里面，再设置它们其“Dock”属性为Fill;②使用相对布局，对添加的某些必要控件其“Anchor”属性进行设置。其实Visual Studio中每个控件它都有自己的使用方法，控件类型也非常多，属性也很全，可以作为一个专题学习，充分掌握这些能够让你做出更加“炫”的窗体程序，也会显得你与众不同。

MapControl与PageLayoutControl地图数据联动

#region 地图联动 //地图复制函数 private void CopyToPageLayout() { IObjectCopy pObjectCopy = new ObjectCopyClass(); object copyFromMap = axMapControl1.Map; object copiedMap = pObjectCopy.Copy(copyFromMap);//复制地图到copiedMap中 object copyToMap = axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.FocusMap; pObjectCopy.Overwrite(copiedMap, ref copyToMap); //复制地图 axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.Refresh(); } //axMapControl 加载的数据发生变化时，需要联动 private void axMapControl1_OnMapReplaced(object sender, IMapControlEvents2_OnMapReplacedEvent e) { CopyToPageLayout(); } //axMapControl 加载的数据发生重绘时，需要联动 private void axMapControl1_OnAfterScreenDraw(object sender, IMapControlEvents2_OnAfterScreenDrawEvent e) { IActiveView pActiveView = (IActiveView)axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.FocusMap; IDisplayTransformation displayTransformation = pActiveView.ScreenDisplay.DisplayTransformation; displayTransformation.VisibleBounds = axMapControl1.Extent; axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.Refresh(); CopyToPageLayout(); } //axMapControl 中的数据显示状况发生变化时，需要联动 private void axMapControl1_OnViewRefreshed(object sender, IMapControlEvents2_OnViewRefreshedEvent e) { axTOCControl1.Update(); CopyToPageLayout(); } #endregion

插入制图要素（标题文字、比例尺、指北针、图例）

标题文字

再添加一个窗体，主要包括一个txtbox和botton控件，用于让用户填写地图图名，然后窗体间传参即可。

#region 文字标题 private void 文字标题_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { AddTitle addTitle = new AddTitle(); addTitle.ShowDialog(); string Title = addTitle.title; ITextElement textElement; ITextSymbol textSymbol; IColor color; IActiveView activeView = axPageLayoutControl1.PageLayout as IActiveView; IEnvelope envelope = new Envelope() as IEnvelope; envelope.PutCoords(7, 20, 15, 30); textElement = new TextElement() as ITextElement; IElement element = textElement as IElement; element.Geometry = envelope; textElement.Text = Title; textSymbol = new TextSymbol(); IRgbColor pColor = new RgbColor(); pColor.Red = 0; pColor.Green = 0; pColor.Blue = 0; color = pColor; textSymbol.Color = color; textSymbol.Size = 30; textElement.Symbol = textSymbol; IGraphicsContainer graphicsContainer = activeView as IGraphicsContainer; graphicsContainer.AddElement(element, 0); axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.Refresh(); } #endregion

比例尺

#region 比例尺 private void 比例尺ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { IActiveView pActiveView = axPageLayoutControl1.PageLayout as IActiveView; IMap pMap = pActiveView.FocusMap as IMap; IGraphicsContainer pGraphicsContainer = pActiveView as IGraphicsContainer; IMapFrame pMapFrame = pGraphicsContainer.FindFrame(pMap) as IMapFrame; pActiveView = axPageLayoutControl1.PageLayout as IActiveView; pMap = pActiveView.FocusMap as IMap; pGraphicsContainer = pActiveView as IGraphicsContainer; pMapFrame = pGraphicsContainer.FindFrame(pMap) as IMapFrame;//设置比例尺样式 IMapSurround pMapSurround; IScaleBar pScaleBar; pScaleBar = new ScaleLineClass(); pScaleBar.Units = pMap.MapUnits; pScaleBar.Divisions = 2; pScaleBar.Subdivisions = 4; pScaleBar.DivisionsBeforeZero = 0; pScaleBar.LabelPosition = esriVertPosEnum.esriBelow; pScaleBar.LabelGap = 3.6; pScaleBar.LabelFrequency = esriScaleBarFrequency.esriScaleBarDivisionsAndFirstMidpoint; pMapSurround = pScaleBar; pMapSurround.Name = "ScaleBar"; //定义UID UID uid = new UID(); uid.Value = "esriCarto.ScaleLine"; //定义MapSurroundFrame对象 IMapSurroundFrame pMapSurroundFrame = pMapFrame.CreateSurroundFrame(uid, null); pMapSurroundFrame.MapSurround = pMapSurround; //定义Envelope设置Element摆放的位置 IEnvelope pEnvelope = new EnvelopeClass(); //设置元素在pagelayout中的坐标位置，个人可调整 pEnvelope.PutCoords(2, 1.5, 10, 2.5); IElement pElement = pMapSurroundFrame as IElement; pElement.Geometry = pEnvelope; pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0); } #endregion

指北针

#region 指北针 private void 指北针ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { InsertNorth(axPageLayoutControl1); } public static void InsertNorth(AxPageLayoutControl axPageLayout) { IElement pElement = axPageLayout.FindElementByName("MarkerNorthArrow"); if (pElement != null) { axPageLayout.ActiveView.GraphicsContainer.DeleteElement(pElement); //删除已经存在的图例 } IPageLayout pPageLayout = axPageLayout.PageLayout; IGraphicsContainer pGraphicsContainer = pPageLayout as IGraphicsContainer; IActiveView pActiveView = pPageLayout as IActiveView; UID pID = new UIDClass(); pID.Value = "esriCore.MarkerNorthArrow"; IMapFrame pMapFrame = pGraphicsContainer.FindFrame(pActiveView.FocusMap) as IMapFrame; if (pMapFrame == null) return; IMapSurroundFrame pMapSurroundFrame = pMapFrame.CreateSurroundFrame(pID, null); if (pMapSurroundFrame == null) return; IEnvelope pEnv = new EnvelopeClass(); pEnv.PutCoords(16, 25, 31, 40); pElement = (IElement)pMapSurroundFrame; pElement.Geometry = pEnv; pMapSurroundFrame.MapSurround.Name = "MarkerNorthArrow"; INorthArrow pNorthArrow = pMapSurroundFrame.MapSurround as INorthArrow; pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0); axPageLayout.ActiveView.Refresh(); } #endregion

图例

private void 图例ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { InsertLegend(axPageLayoutControl1); } public void InsertLegend(AxPageLayoutControl axPageLayout) { //Get the GraphicsContainer IGraphicsContainer graphicsContainer = axPageLayoutControl1.GraphicsContainer; //Get the MapFrame IMapFrame mapFrame = (IMapFrame)graphicsContainer.FindFrame(axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.FocusMap); if (mapFrame == null) return; //Create a legend UID uID = new UIDClass(); uID.Value = "esriCarto.Legend"; //Create a MapSurroundFrame from the MapFrame IMapSurroundFrame mapSurroundFrame = mapFrame.CreateSurroundFrame(uID, null); if (mapSurroundFrame == null) return; if (mapSurroundFrame.MapSurround == null) return; //Set the name mapSurroundFrame.MapSurround.Name = "Legend"; //Envelope for the legend IEnvelope envelope = new EnvelopeClass(); envelope.PutCoords(16, 2, 19.4, 3.4); //Set the geometry of the MapSurroundFrame IElement element = (IElement)mapSurroundFrame; element.Geometry = envelope; //Add the legend to the PageLayout axPageLayoutControl1.AddElement(element, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, "Legend", 0); //Refresh the PageLayoutControl axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.PartialRefresh(esriViewDrawPhase.esriViewGraphics, null, null); } #endregion

保持ToolBarControl中的工具在数据和布局视图中均能够使用

所仅做上面那些，会发现使用起来用户体验感很差，首先是ToobarControl中的工具在PageLayout中已经失效，且pagelayout中数据的显示和制图要素的位置都无法移动。因此；在这里，在TabControl_SelectedIndexChanged事件中添加如下代码,实现ToolBarControl的**“伙伴”**改变

private void tabControl1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { switch (tabControl1.SelectedIndex) { case 0: axToolbarControl1.SetBuddyControl(axMapControl1); break; case 1: axToolbarControl1.SetBuddyControl(axPageLayoutControl1); break; } }

窗体美化

做完了功能一定要记得给窗体化个妆、美个颜 通过将皮肤文件（.ssk），放置到工程文件中bin》debug文件，添加引用lrisSkin4，在窗体中添加skinEngine控件，然后在窗体初始化时将文件名添加进来即可（皮肤文件和引用可以网上下载）

public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); this.skinEngine1 = new Sunisoft.IrisSkin.SkinEngine(((System.ComponentModel.Component)(this))); this.skinEngine1.SkinFile = Application.StartupPath + @"OneGreen.ssk"; }

结果图