LAMP组合的编译安装步骤

技术2022-09-01 74

LAMP组合的编译安装：

httpd+php

modules:把php编译成httpd的DSO对象：

prefor：libphp5

event, worker：libphp5-zts

cgi

fpm(fastcgi)：php作为独立的服务

httpd对fastcgi协议的支持

httpd-2.2：需要额外安装fcgi模块；

httpd-2.4：自带fcgi模块；

安装次序：

httpd, MariaDB, php

编译成httpd2.4

# yum groupinstall "Development tools" "Server Platform Development" -y

# yum install lftp -y

# lftp http://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/?C=S;O=A

lftp archive.apache.org:/dist/apr/?C=S> get apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2

lftp archive.apache.org:/dist/apr/?C=S> get apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2

lftp archive.apache.org:/dist/apr/?C=S> cd ..

lftp archive.apache.org:/dist> cd httpd

lftp archive.apache.org:/dist/httpd> get httpd-2.4.10.tar.bz2

lftp archive.apache.org:/dist/httpd> bye

# wget -c https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/4.4.14.1/phpMyAdmin-4.4.14.1-all-languages.zip

# yum install pcre-devel -y

# tar xf apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2

# cd apr-1.5.0

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr

# make && make install

# cd ..

# tar xf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2

# cd apr-util-1.5.3

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

# make && make install

# cd ..

# tar xf httpd-2.4.10.tar.bz2

# cd httpd-2.4.10

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

# make && make install

从其它地方拷一个/etc/rc.d/init.d/下拷一个httpd2.2的httpd文件过来，改名为httpd24

#vim httpd24

改以下几项

===========================================================================================

# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.

apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl

httpd=/usr/local/appache/bin/httpd

prog=httpd

pidfile=${PIDFILE-/usr/local/apahce/logs/httpd.pid} #这项一定要和你的httpd.conf里的配置一样。

lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd24}

===========================================================================================

# chkconfig --add httpd24 #添加启动级别

# chkconfig --list httpd24 #查看启动级另

# hash -r #移除所有缓存

# cd /etc/profile.d/

# vim httpd.sh

===========================================================================================

export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:/usr/local/apache/sbin:$PATH

===========================================================================================

# . /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh #重载路径文件

# httpd -t #配置文件检查

AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message #这种主机名错误可以不用理

Syntax OK #配置文件正常

# hash #只是查看一些缓存

# service httpd24 start #开启服务

# ss -tunl #查看进程是否在监听端口

# ps aux | grep httpd #查看有几个进程被启用了。

# httpd -M #查看装载的模块

mpm_event_module (shared) #若有这项，代表工作在event模式中。

# cd /etc/httpd24

# vim httpd.conf #编辑主配置文件

安装MariaDB

下载mariadb-5.5.44-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

# lftp http://ftp.hosteurope.de/mirror/archive.mariadb.org//mariadb-5.5.44/bintar-linux-x86_64/

lftp ftp.hosteurope.de:/mirror/archive.mariadb.org/mariadb-5.5.44/bintar-linux-x86_64> get mariadb-5.5.44-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

# tar xf mariadb-5.5.44-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local #解压缩

# mkdir -pv /mydata/data #创建数据存放目录。

# groupadd -r -g 3600 mysql #创建一个系统组名叫mysql,组ID号为3600

# useradd -r -g mysql -u 3600 mysql #创建一个系统用户名也叫mysql,并加入组mysql,UID号也是3600

# chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data/ #修改/mydata/data/的属主及属组。

# /usr/local

# ln -sv mariadb-5.5.44-linux-x86_64/ mysql #创建软件链接

# cd mysql

# chown -R root.mysql ./* #把当前文件夹的所有属主改为root,属组为mysql

# ll #查看一下

# scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/mydata/data/ --user=mysql #数据库初始化。

# mkdir /etc/mysql #创建配置文件目录

# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf #拷贝配置文件

# vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf

==========================================================================================

# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency

thread_concurrency = 8

datadir = /mydata/data #数据存放目录

innodb_file_per_table = on #可以修改InnoDB为独立表空间模式

skip_name-resolve = on #跳过名称反解

==========================================================================================

# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #拷贝启动服务文件到init.d里面

# chkconfig --add mysqld #设置启动级别

# service mysqld start #启动服务

Starting MySQL.. [ OK ]

# ss -tnl #查看进程监听

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql #打开客户mysql

查看是否能连上。

再执行数据库的安全初始化

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation #安全初始化

==================================================================================

Enter current password for root (enter for none): #默认为空密码，敲回车即可

Set root password? [Y/n] Y #是否要给root设密码，是

New password: #输入密码

Re-enter new password: #再输密码

Password updated successfully!

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n]Y #是否删除匿名用户，是

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] n #是否删除test数据库，否

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y #是否重载文件，是

==================================================================================

编译php

# wget -c https://www.php.net/distributions/php-5.4.45.tar.bz2

# tar xf php-5.4.45.tar.bz2

# cd php-5.4.45/

# yum install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm #安装epel源

# yum install bzip2-devel.x86_64 -y

# yum install libmcrypt-devel.x86_64 -y

# yum install libxml2-devel -y

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-openssl --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --enable-sockets --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 --enable-maintainer-zts

==========================================================================================================

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php #默认安装路径

--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql #说明MySQL的所在路径

--with-openssl #

--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config #MySQL另外的一个访问接口(对数据库接口的另一种交互)

--enable-mbstring #开启对多字节字符串支持，中文的话，这项必开。

--with-freetype-dir #支持freetype字体格式

--with-jpeg-dir #直接处理JPG图片

--with-png-dir #直接处理png图片

--with-zlib #压缩库

--with-libxml-dir=/usr #处理xml文档的。

--enable-xml #支持xml

--enable-sockets #能通过sockets通信。

--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs ***#把php编译成httpd的模块***

--with-mcrypt #加解密库

--with-config-file-path=/etc #php的配置文件放哪

--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d #其它的ini配置文件存放路径

--with-bz2 #支持bz2格式加密

--enable-maintainer-zts ***#编译成zts模块，若http为even或worker，这条必须加上***

=========================================================================================================

# make && make install

编辑apache配置文件httpd.conf,以apache支持php

# cd /etc/httpd24

# vim httpd.conf

====================================================================================

#在原有的AddType ...下面加上这两行

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

在下面插入index.php

DirectoryIndex index.php index.html

</IfModule>

====================================================================================

在解压的编译目录里找到PHP的配置文件模板，拷到/etc下做为配置文件

# cd /root/php-5.4.45/

# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini

# service httpd24 start

# httpd -M #检查PHP是否有装载

php5_module (shared) #有这项代表装载成功

#制作测试页，测试PHP和MySQL

# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs

# mv index.html index.php

# vim index.php

#里面的内容改为如下

======================================================================================

<?php

$conn=mysql_connect('127.0.0.1','root','');

if ($conn)

echo "OK";

else

echo "not OK";

phpinfo();

======================================================================================

最后测试

# service iptables stop #关闭防火墙

# setenforce 0 #关闭SeLinux

#浏览器访问 http://192.168.31.150

安装phpMyAdmin

# wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/4.4.14/phpMyAdmin-4.4.14-all-languages.tar.bz2

# tar xf phpMyAdmin-4.4.14.1-all-languages.tar.bz2 -C /usr/local/apache/htdocs/pma

# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/pma

# tr -dc a-zA-Z0-9 < /dev/urandom | head -c 30 |xargs

SWM6ZDsvkgdFP36BL9m4P8019GFwHk

# vim config.inc.php

=============================================================================================

把新生成的随机字符串加到这里

$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = 'SWM6ZDsvkgdFP36BL9m4P8019GFwHk'; /* YOU MUST FILL IN THIS FOR COOKIE AUTH! */

=============================================================================================

更改MySQL的密码

# mysql

=============================================================================================

MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql

MariaDB [mysql]> UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD('P@ss123') WHERE User='root'; #另类改密码方法

MariaDB [mysql]> SELECT User,Host,Password FROM user;

MariaDB [mysql]> DROP USER ''@'localhost' #删除匿名用户

MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; #以上这种方式修改密码，MySQL是不会重读的，需要FLUSH刷新一下。

MariaDB [(none)]> exit

=============================================================================================

浏览器器访问http://192.168.31.150/pma/ 成功

压力测试

# ab -c 20 -n 1000 http://192.168.31.150/pma/index.php

编译xcache

# wget https://src.fedoraproject.org/repo/pkgs/php-xcache/xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz/md5/8b0a6f27de630c4714ca261480f34cda/xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz

# tar xf xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz

# cd xcache-3.2.0

# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize #xcache需要借助这个工具生成，不然看不到configure

Configuring for:

PHP Api Version: 20100412

Zend Module Api No: 20100525

Zend Extension Api No: 220100525

# ./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config #指明PHP的安装目录。

# make & make install

make install 最后会提示xcache.so文件所在路径，复制下来：/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20100525/

# mkdir /etc/php.d

# cp xcache.ini /etc/php.d

# vim /etc/php.d/xcache.ini

=================================================================================================

把地址加进去。

;; non-Windows example:

extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20100525/xcache.so

xcache.admin.enable_auth = Off

xcache.admin.user = "mOo"

xcache.admin.pass = "md5 encrypted password" #若这里懒得配MD5密码的话，就上面的admin设为Off

==================================================================================================

# killall httpd #估计这里的httpd24的服务有问题是无法reload或

# service httpd24 start #

再做一次压力测试

# ab -c 20 -n 1000 http://192.168.31.150/pma/index.php

明显加快了。

报错：configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.

安装：# yum install libxml2-devel -y

目前发现的问题是，这个httpd service无法重启和重载

PHP的fpm模式编译

# cd /root

# rm -rf php-5.4.45

# tar xf php-5.4.45.tar.bz2

# cd php-5.4.45

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-openssl --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --enable-sockets --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc/php5/ --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php5.d --with-bz2

--prefix=/usr/local/php5 #避免和原安装路径冲突的。

--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs #原有这项不能要了,这是编译进模块的。

--enable-fpm #能监听的服务进程程序

--with-config-file-path=/etc/php5/

--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php5.d

# make -j 4 && make install #4线程编译

# cd /etc/httpd24

# cp httpd.conf httpd.conf.mod_bak #配置原有配置文件

为php提供配置文件

# cd /root/php-5.4.45

# mkdir /etc/php5{,.d} #创建两个目录

# cp php.ini-production /etc/php5/php.ini

# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm

# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #增加执行权限

# chkconfig --add php-fpm

# chkconfig --list php-fpm

php-fpm 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

# cd /usr/local/php5/etc/

# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf #拷贝配置文件并改名

# vim php-fpm.conf

=============================================================================

listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 #监听在哪个套接字上，如果只有本机，就不用改。0.0.0.0:9000所有主机

pm.max_children = 50 #能同时最多有几个并发子进程。

pm.start_servers = 5 #开始时，启动几个

pm.max_spare_servers = 10 #允许空闲几个

;pid = run/php-fpm.pid #参考

pid = /usr/local/php5/var/run/php-fpm.pid #指去PHP安装的目录下的/var/run/php-fpm.pid

==============================================================================

# service php-fpm start #启动服务

# ss -tunl #查看监听

# ps aux | grep php-fpm #查看进程

启动httpd的相关模块

在Apache httpd 2.4以后以经专门有一个模块针对FastCGI的实现，此模块为mod_proxy_fcgi.so，它其实是作为mod_proxy.so模块的扩充，因此，这两个模块都要加载

LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so

LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so

配置虚拟主机支持使用fcgi

在相应的虚拟主机中添加类似如下两行，

ProxyRequests Off

ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/PATH/TO/DOCUMENT_ROOT/$1

http://www.magedu.com/admin/index.php

/web/host1/admin/index.php

fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/web/hosts/admin/index.php

例如：

DocumentRoot "/www/magedu.com"

ServerName magedu.com

ServerAlias www.magedu.com

ProxyRequests Off

ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/www/magedu.com/$1

Options none

AllowOverride none

Require all granted

</Directory>

</VirtualHost>

ProxyRequests Off：关闭正向代理

ProxyPassMatch：把以.php结尾的文件请求发送到php-fpm进程，php-fpm至少需要知道运行的目录和URL，所以这里直接在fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000后指明了这两个参数，其它的参数的传递已经被mod_proxy_fcgi.so进行封闭，不需要手动指定。

# vim httpd.conf

====================================================================================

#在原有的AddType ...下面加上这两行

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

在下面插入index.php

DirectoryIndex index.php index.html

</IfModule>

#LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so 把原有的modules注释掉。

DocumentRoot /virtual/web1/

ServerName www.test1.com

CustomLog logs/web1_access_log combined

Options none

AllowOverride none

Require all granted

</Directory>

</VirtualHost>

#这个是有php

DocumentRoot /virtual/web2/

ServerName www.test2.com

CustomLog logs/web1_access_log combined

ProxyRequests Off

ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/virtual/web2/$1

Options none

AllowOverride none

Require all granted

</Directory>

</VirtualHost>

====================================================================================

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