2. 技术
    3. 实操演示：OSPF-多区域配置

    实操演示：OSPF-多区域配置

    技术2022-07-14  79

    OSPF多区域配置

    实验背景

    实验需求

    1.配置IP地址

    2.完整配置ospf多区域

    3.查看邻居关系

    4.强制发布默认路由

    5.在R3的G0/0/1口配置静默接口

    6.验证路由表

    1.配置ip地址

    R1

    [R1]INT LOOPBACK 0 [R1-LoopBack0]IP ADDRESS 1.1.1.1 32 [R1]INT G 0/0/0 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]IP ADDRESS 20.0.0.1 30 [R1]INT G0/0/1 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]IP ADDRESS 10.0.0.1 30

    R2

    [R2]INT LOOPBACK 0 [R2-LoopBack0]IP ADDRESS 2.2.2.2 32 [R2]INT G0/0/1 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]IP ADDRESS 30.0.0.1 30 [R2]INT G0/0/0 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]IP ADDRESS 20.0.0.2 30 [R2]int loopback 1 [R2-LoopBack1]ip address 6.6.6.6 32

    R3

    [R3]INT LOOPBACK 0 [R3]IP ADDRESS 3.3.3.3 32 [R3-LoopBack0]INT G0/0/1 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]IP ADDRESS 10.0.0.2 30 [R3]int g0/0/0 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 24

    R4

    [R4]INT LOOPBACK 0 [R4-LoopBack0]IP ADDRESS 4.4.4.4 32 [R4]INT G0/0/1 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]IP ADDRESS 30.0.0.2 30

    2.配置OSPF

    R1

    [R1]ospf [R1-ospf-1]area 0 [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]area 1 [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3

    R2

    [R2]ospf [R2-ospf-1]area 0 [R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 [R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 [R2-ospf-1]area 2 [R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 30.0.0.0 0.0.0.3

    R3

    [R3]ospf [R3-ospf-1]area 1 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0

    R4

    [R4]ospf [R4-ospf-1]area 2 [R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 30.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 [R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0

    3.查看R1,R4的邻居表

    R1

    [R1]dis ospf peer brief OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1 Peer Statistic Information ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Area Id Interface Neighbor id State 0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 20.0.0.2 Full 0.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.0.0.2 Full

    可以看到route-id 不是4.4.4.4 应该是先建立邻居的时候hollo里面携带的是30.0.0.2 这个本地接口地址

    R4

    [R4]dis ospf peer brief OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 30.0.0.2 Peer Statistic Information ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Area Id Interface Neighbor id State 0.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 20.0.0.2 Full ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    4.强制发布一跳默认路由

    后面带了 always 无论路由器是否有默认路由 都可以发布 如果没有带alwaye 那发布之前本地必须要有一条默认路由。 但是我不建议这样做 要分好情况 这样做只是下发了一条 默认路由 但是本地不会生成默认路由 所以就没有指明去外网的路 很有可以会出问题

    R2

    [R2-ospf-1]default-route-advertise always

    查看R1有没有收到默认路由

    R1

    <R1>dis ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 17 Routes : 17 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 0.0.0.0/0 O_ASE 150 1 D 20.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

    5.在R3上使用静默接口

    如上配置 声明了g0/0/0 那它就有了收发ospf报文的能力 但是0/0/0口接的是个主机完全不知道ospf hollo 报文 比较适合配置静默接口

    R3

    [R3-ospf-1]silent-interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

    测试PC ping外网6.6.6.6

    PC

    PC>ping 6.6.6.6 Ping 6.6.6.6: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break From 6.6.6.6: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=253 time=62 ms From 6.6.6.6: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=253 time=16 ms From 6.6.6.6: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=253 time=31 ms From 6.6.6.6: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=253 time=16 ms From 6.6.6.6: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=253 time=31 ms --- 6.6.6.6 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 16/31/62 ms

    6.查看路由

    R1

    <R1>DIS IP ROUTING Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 17 Routes : 17 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 0.0.0.0/0 O_ASE 150 1 D 20.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 2.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 1 D 20.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 4.4.4.4/32 OSPF 10 2 D 20.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 10.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 10.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 10.0.0.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 20.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 20.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 20.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 20.0.0.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 30.0.0.0/30 OSPF 10 2 D 20.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 192.168.1.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

    R2 可以看到R2设备上没有静态默认路由

    [R2-ospf-1]dis ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 17 Routes : 17 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 20.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 2 D 20.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 4.4.4.4/32 OSPF 10 1 D 30.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 6.6.6.6/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1 10.0.0.0/30 OSPF 10 2 D 20.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 20.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 20.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 20.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 20.0.0.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 30.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 30.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 30.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 30.0.0.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 192.168.1.0/24 OSPF 10 3 D 20.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

    R3

    <R3>dis ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 17 Routes : 17 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 0.0.0.0/0 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 2.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 2 D 10.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 3.3.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 4.4.4.4/32 OSPF 10 3 D 10.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 10.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 10.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 10.0.0.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 20.0.0.0/30 OSPF 10 2 D 10.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 30.0.0.0/30 OSPF 10 3 D 10.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 192.168.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 192.168.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

    R4

    <R4>dis ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 15 Routes : 15 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 0.0.0.0/0 O_ASE 150 1 D 30.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 2 D 30.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 2.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 1 D 30.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 3 D 30.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 4.4.4.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 10.0.0.0/30 OSPF 10 3 D 30.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 20.0.0.0/30 OSPF 10 2 D 30.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 30.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 30.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 30.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 30.0.0.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 192.168.1.0/24 OSPF 10 4 D 30.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
    Processed: 0.015, SQL: 9