kickstart环境配置(ftp、tftp、dns、nfs)

    技术2023-12-24  70

    1、FTP安装 (为客户端提供软件包) yum install vsftpd -y 开启自动启动 chkconfig vsftpd on 启动服务 service vsftpd restart 挂载光盘 mount /dev/sr0 /var/ftp/pub 2、DHCP安装 [root@kickstartserver ~]# yum install dhcp -y [root@kickstartserver ~]# rpm -ql dhcp |grep sample 查看dhcp配置文件模板 /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd6.conf.sample 复制配置文件模板到配置文件 cat /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample >/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 修改配置文件 [root@kickstartserver ~]# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 只留下subnet最多的段,修改作用域 subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 192.168.0.50 192.168.0.99;分配给客户端的IP option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.200;分配给客户端的DNS option domain-name “hhj.com”;分配给客户端的域名 option routers 192.168.0.1;分配给客户端的网关 option broadcast-address 192.168.0.255;广播地址 next-server 192.168.0.200;服务器地址 filename “/pxelinux.0”;所需启动文件tftp根下 default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; } 保存退出 设置为开机启动 [root@kickstartserver ~]# chkconfig dhcpd on 重启服务 [root@kickstartserver ~]# service dhcpd restart

    3、tftp-server 安装tftp服务 [root@kickstartserver ~]# yum install tftp-server -y 设置为开机启动 chkconfig tftp on 重启服务 [root@kickstartserver ~]# service xinetd restart tftp工作目录/var/lib/tftpboot为客户端提供三个文件:pxelinux.0,vmlinuz,initrd.img 由于系统中没有pxelinux.0,需要安装包yum install syslinux -y 查看pxeinux.0路径rpm -ql syslinux |grep pxelinux.0 将pxelinux.0考到/var/lib/tftpboot目录下 [root@kickstartserver tftpboot]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/ 从光盘里考vmlinuz, initrd.img,isolinux.cfg,boot.msg 到/var/lib/tftpboot 创建/pxelinux.cfg mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg cp /var/ftp/pub/images/pxeboot/{initrd.img,vmlinuz} /var/lib/tftpboot cp /var/ftp/pub/isolinux/boot.msg /var/lib/tftpboot/ cp /var/ftp/pub/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default 给予可写权限 chmod u+w /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

    pxelinux.0相当于grub引导系统,pxelinux.cfg/default相当于grub.cfg default中默认改为default linux引导 vi /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default default linux ……. 重启服务 service xinetd restart

    4、DNS安装 yum install bind* -y 拷贝文件 cp -a /var/named/data/ /var/named/dynamic/ /var/named/named.* /var/named/chroot/var/named/ cp -a /etc/named* /var/named/chroot/etc/ 修改DNS主配置文件vi /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf options { listen-on port 53 { any; }; IP前面,分号后面必须有空格,any /*listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; */可以删除 directory “/var/named”; dump-file “/var/named/data/cache_dump.db”; statistics-file “/var/named/data/named_stats.txt”; memstatistics-file “/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt”; allow-query { 192.168.0.0/24;192.168.2.5/32;any; };允许访问网段 recursion yes;是否递归查询 allow-recursion { 192.168.0.0/24; }对哪些网段进行递归查询 forward only;只做转发,转发给指定服务器 forwarders { 192.168.0.200; } dnssec-enable yes; dnssec-validation yes; dnssec-lookaside auto;

    /* Path to ISC DLV key */ bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key"; managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";

    }; 并加入反向解析 zone “0.168.192.in-addr.arpa” { type master; file “aa.zone”; }; 拷贝模板文件 cp -a /var/named/named.localhost /var/named/chroot/var/named/aa.zone 修改反向解析 vi /var/named/chroot/var/named/aa.zone $TTL 1D $GENERATE 50-99 $ PTR station$.hhj.com. @ IN SOA kickstartserver.hhj.com. root ( 11 ; serial 1D ; refresh 1H ; retry 1W ; expire 1H ) ; minimum NS kickstartserver.hhj.com. 200 (服务器IP) PTR kickstartserver.hhj.com. 生成密钥 rndc-confgen -r /dev/urandom -a 修改本地DNS服务 vi /etc/resolv.conf nameserver 192.168.0.200 重启服务 chkconfig named on service named restart 查看域名解析 [root@kickstartserver ~]# host 192.168.0.80 80.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer station80.hhj.com.

    5、安装NFS(以便共享安装yum源所需文件) CentOS 5.x NFS服务为为portmap、nfs-utils CentOS 6.7 NFS服务为为rpcbind、nfs-utils yum install nfs-utils rpcbind -y 创建共享文件夹 mkdir /share chmod -R 777 /share 配置共享vi /etc/exports /share *(ro,sysnc) 开机启动 chkconfig rpcbind on chkconfig nfs on 重启 service rpcbind restart service nfs restart 客户端挂载 Mount -t nfs 192.168.0.200:/share /mnt Vi /etc/fstab 192.168.0.200:/share /mnt nfs defaults 0 0 (nfs环境搭建报错clnt_create: RPC: Program not registered

    有时候搭建完成后,使用showmount -e ip检测服务端服务器情况的是,会出现clnt_create: RPC: Program not registered 这个错误,表示rpc程序为注册成功,解决方案就是: 以此关闭nfs和rpcbind 命令: /etc/init.d/nfs stop /etc/init.d/rpcbind stop

    再依次启动服务: 命令:(注意先启动rpc) /etc/init.d/rpcbind start /etc/init.d/nfs start ) 6、生成引导文件 安装yum install system-config-kickstart -y 运行system-config-kickstart 生成引导文件 生成引导文件ks.cfs,并拷贝到/var/ftp/ cp /tmp/ks.cfs /var/ftp/ 修改/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default vi /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

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