centos安装nginx教程

技术2024-01-01 101

http://www.hebinghua.com/linux/28.html

安装nginx配到的坑比事情。

https://www.runoob.com/linux/nginx-install-setup.html

安装nginx非常详细的教程

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正文

1 安装编译工具库文件

yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel

这一步没有要求路径

2 安装PCRE

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel

可以一起yum install 也可以去下载好源码包然后安装即可

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

然后解压 ./configure make && make install

安装好了之后我们执行这个测试一下 pcre-config --version是否安装好了。

3 安装nginx

2.1 官方网站下载Nginx, 默认安装路径：/usr/local/nginx

进入 cd /usr/local/nginx

下载命令：

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

2.2解压

tar zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

进入nginx源文件目录

cd nginx-1.12.2

2.3编译

默认https没有打开，需要添加 --with-http_ssl_module

执行命令./configure --with-http_ssl_module

2.4 安装Nginx 执行make && make install

2.5 启动Nginx

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

浏览器输入http://服务器ip:80

总结：这个地方没那么顺利的，会遇见坑逼，详细的后面看坑逼打全集。

4 nginx配置

创建 Nginx 运行使用的用户 www：

# /usr/sbin/groupadd www # /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

配置nginx.conf ，将/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf替换为以下内容

[root@bogon conf]# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf user www www; worker_processes 2; #设置值和CPU核心数一致 error_log /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; #日志位置和日志级别 pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid; #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process. worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; events { use epoll; worker_connections 65535; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for'; #charset gb2312; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 32k; large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; client_max_body_size 8m; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 60; tcp_nodelay on; fastcgi_connect_timeout 300; fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; fastcgi_buffer_size 64k; fastcgi_buffers 4 64k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on; #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m; #下面是server虚拟主机的配置 server { listen 80;#监听端口 server_name localhost;#域名 index index.html index.htm index.php; root /usr/local/webserver/nginx/html;#站点目录 location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ { #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi.conf; } location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$ { expires 30d; # access_log off; } location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ { expires 15d; # access_log off; } access_log off; } }

检查配置文件nginx.conf的正确性命令：

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload # 重新载入配置文件 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen # 重启 Nginx /usr/local/n-inx/sbin/nginx -s stop # 停止 Nginx

坑来了：

扩展模块，需要编译安装的nginx，版本自己选择（我的是1.14.0）

1.获取安装包

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.1.tar.gz wget https://codeload.github.com/yaoweibin/nginx_upstream_check_module/zip/master

2.安装扩展依赖

yum -y install gcc zlib zlib-devel pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel

3.给nginx打个补丁（加入nginx+nginx_upstream_check_module）

1>.进入nginx-1.14目录（源码目录）

patch -p1 < /usr/download/nginx_upstream_check_module-master/check_1.14.0+.patch

ps：我的两个包下载在/usr/download/，这个自定义；master加压后的文件为nginx_upstream_check_module-master 里面包含了多个补丁版本，根据自己的nginx版本选择

2>.新建一个nginx的安装目录，我的在/usr/local/nginx-1.14.1，然后还在nginx的源码目录中执行

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.14.1 --add-module=/usr/download/nginx_upstream_check_module-master/

正常现象：

Configuration summary + using system PCRE library + OpenSSL library is not used + using system zlib library nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx-1.14.1" nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.14.1/sbin/nginx" nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx-1.14.1/modules" nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx-1.14.1/conf" nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.14.1/conf/nginx.conf" nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.14.1/logs/nginx.pid" nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.14.1/logs/error.log" nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.14.1/logs/access.log" nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp" nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp" nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp" nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp" nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

大概率报错：

[root@localhost nginx-1.14.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.14.1 --add-module=/usr/download/nginx_upstream_check_module-master/ checking for OS + Linux 4.18.0-80.el8.x86_64 x86_64 checking for C compiler ... not found ./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found

解决办法：

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake make

3>.编译 make

make

大概率出现的报错：

make[1]: 进入目录“/usr/download/nginx-1.14.1” cc -c -pipe -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/os/unix -I /usr/download/nginx_upstream_check_module-master/ -I objs \ -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_user.o \ src/os/unix/ngx_user.c src/os/unix/ngx_user.c: 在函数‘ngx_libc_crypt’中: src/os/unix/ngx_user.c:26:7: 错误：‘struct crypt_data’没有名为‘current_salt’的成员 cd.current_salt[0] = ~salt[0]; ^ make[1]: *** [objs/Makefile:788：objs/src/os/unix/ngx_user.o] 错误 1

解决办法：打开 src/os/unix/ngx_user.c

#ifdef __GLIBC__ /* work around the glibc bug */ cd.current_salt[0] = ~salt[0]; ##把这一行注释掉 #endif

4>.编译安装

make install

大概率报错：

igned int (*)(struct <匿名> *)’} to ‘void (*)(ngx_http_script_engine_t *)’ {或称 ‘void (*)(struct <匿名> *)’} [-Werror=cast-function-type] code->code = (ngx_http_script_code_pt) ^ src/http/ngx_http_script.c: 在函数‘ngx_http_script_add_full_name_code’中: src/http/ngx_http_script.c:1296:18: 错误：cast between incompatible function types from ‘size_t (*)(ngx_http_script_engine_t *)’ {或称 ‘long unsigned int (*)(struct <匿名> *)’} to ‘void (*)(ngx_http_script_engine_t *)’ {或称 ‘void (*)(struct <匿名> *)’} [-Werror=cast-function-type] code->code = (ngx_http_script_code_pt) ngx_http_script_full_name_len_code; ^ cc1：所有的警告都被当作是错误 make[1]: *** [objs/Makefile:893：objs/src/http/ngx_http_script.o] 错误 1 make[1]: 离开目录“/usr/download/nginx-1.14.1” make: *** [Makefile:8：build] 错误 2

解决办法：打开 vim objs/Makefile 把 -Werrori删掉（-Werror，它要求GCC将所有的警告当成错误进行处理）

5.>启动nginx

在刚刚自定义的nginx安装目录里有生成的文件，其中，启动文件在sbin里

直接启动：./sbin/nginx -s reload

有可能出现报错：

root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx -s reload nginx: [error] open() "/usr/local/nginx-1.14.1/logs/nginx.pid" failed (2: No such file or directory)

解决办法：

[root@localhost sbin]# /usr/local/nginx-1.14.1/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx-1.14.1/conf/nginx.conf [root@localhost sbin]# cd ../logs/ [root@localhost logs]# ll 总用量 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 1月 7 15:11 access.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 593 1月 7 15:30 error.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6 1月 7 15:33 nginx.pid

然后就可以正常启动了

4.nginx配置

打开nginx.conf配置文件添加 include /etc/vhost/*.conf （个人习惯，引入一个配置文件）

然后根据在《nginx均衡负载》一文中跟均衡负载搭配使用。

5.检测可视化

在nginx的配置里加上一段

location /nastatus { check_status; access_log off; }

ps:/nastatus 自定义一个路径

然后打开web访问这个地址比如 http://192.168.5.165/nastatus

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