nginx系列之四：web服务器

技术2024-08-20 72

前言

nginx系列之一：nginx入门 nginx系列之二：配置文件解读 nginx系列之三：日志配置 nginx系列之四：web服务器 nginx系列之五：负载均衡 nginx系列之六：cache服务 nginx系列之七：限流配置 nginx系列之八：使用upsync模块实现负载均衡

转自：在此感谢原博主的整理分享

一、nginx 做静态服务器

HTML页面如下

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body>

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上传相关文件，生成如下路径

tree html/ html/ ├── index.html └── static └── images └── 1.png ## 配置nginx.conf 配置文件 worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } } /data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /data/app/nginx-1.10.3/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /data/app/nginx-1.10.3/conf/nginx.conf test is successful /data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233

浏览器访问：

这个时候我们可以把static静态页面给拆分出来

worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } location /static/ { root /data/db; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } } 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425

将静态文件迁移到/data/db目录下，并重启nginx服务。

mv html/static/ /data/db/ /data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -t /data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 123

测试图片是否能否获取：

curl -I http://192.168.56.12/static/images/1.png HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.10.3 Date: Sun, 08 Apr 2018 09:31:35 GMT Content-Type: image/png Content-Length: 32239 Last-Modified: Sun, 08 Apr 2018 09:21:26 GMT Connection: keep-alive ETag: "5ac9df16-7def" Accept-Ranges: bytes 12345678910

1.1 对图片开启gzip压缩

worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_comp_level 6; gzip_types image/png; gzip_vary on; keepalive_timeout 65; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } location /static/ { root /data/db; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } }

} /data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -t /data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

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对比两次响应头信息，开启gzip 压缩后响应头多了Content-Encoding: gzip，开启压缩成功。

二、nginx 反向代理后端服务器

2.1 配置nginx环境

user www www; worker_processes 8; error_log /data/logs/nginx_error.log crit; pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid; #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process. worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events{ use epoll; worker_connections 65535; }

http{ include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #charset gb2312; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 32k; large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; client_max_body_size 8m; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 60; tcp_nodelay on; include gzip.conf; include blog.biglittle.cn.conf;

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gzip.conf文件内容

gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on; 1234567

blog.biglittle.cn.conf文件内容

## server { listen 80 default; server_name blog.biglittleant.cn; index index.html index.htm index.php; root html; location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi.conf; } } 12345678910111213

fastcgi.conf文件内容

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300; fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; fastcgi_buffer_size 64k; fastcgi_buffers 4 64k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k; 1234567

2.2 安装PHP 环境

下载PHP文件，并安装基础依赖包

wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.1.2.tar.gz yum -y install libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel libcurl-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel openssl openssl-devel 12

编译安装

./configure --prefix=/data/app/php-7.1.2 --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=nginx --with-fpm-group=nginx --with-mysqli --with-zlib --with-curl --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-openssl --enable-mbstring --enable-xml --enable-session --enable-ftp --enable-pdo -enable-tokenizer --enable-zip --enable-bcmath --enable-sockets --with-gettext make && make install ln -s /data/app/php-7.1.2/ /data/app/php7 cp php.ini-development /data/app/php7/lib/php.ini cp sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/ 12345

修改配置文件

vim /data/app/php7/lib/php.ini # 查找 mysqli.default_socket，修改成： mysqli.default_socket = /data/app/mysql/mysql.sock date.timezone = PRC 1234

好了，PHP 7 已经安装好，下面验证一下

再查看下已经安装的模块

/data/app/php7/bin/php -m 1

接着配置 php-fpm文件

# copy php-fpm 的配置文档 cp /data/app/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /data/app/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf cp /data/app/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /data/app/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 123

其中 www.conf 中要留意以下这个值 listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

配置 php-fpm 启动服务脚本

修改启动脚本，把里边 prefix 相关的内容用实际路径代替

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service PIDFile=/usr/local/php7/var/run/php-fpm.pid ExecStart=/usr/local/php7/sbin/php-fpm --nodaemonize --fpm-config /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf # 重新载入 systemd systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start php-fpm ss -lntup |grep 9000 1234567

2.3 编写PHP测试文件

vim /data/app/nginx/html/hello.php 编写一个PHP测试文件。

<html> <head> <title>PHP 测试</title> </head> <body> <?php phpinfo(); ?> </body> </html> 12345678

2.4 测试是否可用

/data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -t /data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 12

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