自动化系教育研讨与教育改革讨论。网络会议在2020/7/4使用腾讯会议召开。
■ 面向未来创业的工程教育 ■ 通过竞赛的工程教育 ■ 反转、反转、反转
STEM → Speciality
▲ 自动化系培养方案的中课程分布 ▲ 自动化系培养方案的课程分布 ▲ 自动化系通过系统的角度看到能力的培养
新工科”这一概念自2016年提出后,先后奏响了“复旦共识”“天大行动”“北京指南”新工科建设的“三部曲”。今年4月,“六卓越一拔尖”计划2.0启动大会以新工科建设为龙头,系统推出新工科、新医科、新农科、新文科建设,掀起了高等教育的“质量革命”。
根据李泽湘在 李泽湘在这里三次取经:我们的教育如何解答“钱学森之问”和“李约瑟难题” 一文提到了所访问的几所学校,梳理一下他们的教育理念:
Dyson School of Design Engineering(戴森)在 Dyson School of Design Engineering 的网站给出了设计工程专业的介绍:Design Engineering is the fusion of design thinking, and engineering knowledge and practice within a culture of innovation and enterprise.
About US: The Dyson School of Design Engineering is the 10th and newest engineering department at Imperial College London. It was founded in 2014 and assisted by a generous donation from the James Dyson Foundation. Our goal is to fuse together design thinking, engineering knowledge and practice, to foster a culture of innovation and enterprise, to help solve global problems with emphasis on sustainability, entrepreneurship and societal impact.
Introduction to Design Engineering: Design engineers are problem solvers who bridge the gap between traditional engineering and design to create innovative solutions to modern challenges, from improving passenger comfort on commercial airlines to designing next-generation sports prostheses.
It’s a highly creative discipline that draws on knowledge of manufacturing techniques, product development, technical design and rapid prototyping to bring new innovations to market, and to improve existing products and the processes used for making them.
University of Edinburgh(爱丁堡)
Herot-Watt University(赫瑞-瓦特)
Olin Colledge of Engineering(Boston)
Berkeley University of California
观点1: 创新与产业相结合 观点2: 培养创新人才的素质:Curiosity, Collaborator, Associative or Integrative thinking
▲ 图3 创新的三要素:专业知识,创新思维,内在驱动力。实现创新的路径从Play, Passion, Purpose网页 Standford2025 对上述观点进行阐述,表示这是在22世纪反过头来看知识与能力轴翻转所带来教育新纪元的意义。
▲ 站在22世纪反过头来看斯坦福2025计划反转能力与知识的轴对称关系的所产生的新纪元传统教育理念是将特定专业的知识作为学生毕业的评判标准,而能力则是第二位的。相比之下,轴翻转教育理念则是将能力的发展作为教育的基础,而非知识.
在传统教育中:
本科教育是围绕着学科主题而展开的;大学的系别是是基于学术领域而划分的;成绩单和简历是向用人单位表达自己聪明与才识;未来的轴翻转教育则强调:
本科教育用来确保和培养能力获取模式的达成;学校按照能力俱乐部划分,并配有相应的主管;能力记录可以传递更广泛的才能与潜质;(1) MIT NEET: New Engineering Education Transformation Built entirely around the new machines, materials, and systems driving modern industry, NEET offers a carefully designed curricular structure that empowers MIT students.
program was launched in 2017 to reimagine engineering education at MIT. A cross-departmental endeavor with a focus on integrative, project-centric learning, NEET cultivates the essential skills, knowledge, and qualities to address the formidable challenges posed by the 21st century.
Advanced Materials MachinesAutonomous MachinesDigital CitiesLiving MachinesRenewable Energy Maching(2) MEDIA P-P-P-P
Media Lab探讨并利用“4P”的方法来帮助人们进行创意工作,它们分别是:项目(Project)、伙伴(Peers)、热情(passion)、玩(Play)。全国大学智能汽车竞赛,作为大学生课外一项综合探索性复杂工程实践活动,这“4P”方法也非常适合促进学生参与这项竞赛活动。
这有两方面的含义。第一层含义就是经常所说的“通过项目来学习”。书本上面的知识在真实的生活中应用起来实际上是有难度的,当你参与了一项基本工程实践项目之后,学习会变得快速起来。项目的具体目标,可以使得机器、电子、软件、信号、控制以及机器学习等众多学科同学在一起合作,是大家一起做一些事情。
也就是不是所有的学生都适合做改革,都会尝试去做科研。
方向是好的,如何落实是个问题。
Trends in Engineering Education - An International Perspective : 2000年左右的总结文章
A Whole Engineer
A Brief Review of Engineering Education in USA
Educating of Engineering 2020
The New Engineering Education in China
Reimagining and rethinking engineering education