文章目录

说明1、geom_histogram函数说明2、绘图举例3、画频率分布直方图频率加倍4、解决办法

说明

R语言的版本为4.0.2，IDE为Rstudio，版本为1.3.959。学习过程中参考了以下文章： R语言ggplot2频率分布直方图小例子（简书）

1、geom_histogram函数说明

# 该函数用于绘制直方图，主要参数含义如下 # geom_histogram( # mapping = NULL, # 映射 # data = NULL, # 数据集 # stat = "bin", # 直方图类型 # position = "stack", # 位置 # ..., # 其它geom类函数的参数 # binwidth = NULL, # 直方图的间距 # bins = NULL, # 直方个数，和binwidth有类似效果，但设置逻辑不同 # na.rm = FALSE, # 逻辑参数，真值关闭缺值报错 # orientation = NA, # 方向 # show.legend = NA, # 逻辑参数，是否显示该图层的图例，NA为默认 # inherit.aes = TRUE # 逻辑参数，是否叠加本图层和默认的几何要素 # )

2、绘图举例

# 绘图数据 surge <- c(0.81,2.21,1.23,0.59,1.09,0.72,0.83,1.38,0.25,0.69,0.7,0.72,1.39,1.75,1.01,0.81,0.96,0.75,0.62,1.99,1.27,0.83,3.19,1.49,0.99) # 设置..count..参数画计数直方图 GDPlot <- ggplot(surgeLing,aes(x = x, y =..count..)) + geom_histogram(aes(x = x, y =..count..),stat="bin",binwidth=1, boundary = 0)+ geom_text(aes(label=as.character(round(..count..,2))),stat="bin",binwidth=1,boundary = 0,vjust=-0.5) # 设置..density..频率分布直方图 GDPlot2 <- ggplot(surgeLing,aes(x = x, y =..density..)) + geom_histogram(aes(x = x, y =..density..),stat="bin",binwidth=1, boundary = 0)+ geom_text(aes(label=as.character(round(..density..,2))),stat="bin",binwidth=1,boundary = 0,vjust=-0.5) library("cowplot") plot_grid(GDPlot, GDPlot2,nrow = 1, ncol = 2 )

3、画频率分布直方图频率加倍

当使用bins参数或者binwidth参数，对频率分布直方图进行调整的时候，发现如果不指定binwidth参数为1，则频率会加倍，有可能频率出现大于1的情况，这显然不合理。

# 绘图数据 surge <- c(0.81,2.21,1.23,0.59,1.09,0.72,0.83,1.38,0.25,0.69,0.7,0.72,1.39,1.75,1.01,0.81,0.96,0.75,0.62,1.99,1.27,0.83,3.19,1.49,0.99) # 画间距为1的频率分布直方图，正常显示 GDPlot <- ggplot(surgeLing,aes(x = x, y =..density..)) + geom_histogram(aes(x = x, y =..density..),stat="bin",binwidth=1, boundary = 0)+ geom_text(aes(label=as.character(round(..density..,2))),stat="bin",binwidth=1,boundary = 0,vjust=-0.5) # 画间距为0.5的频率分布直方图，频率被加倍了 GDPlot2 <- ggplot(surgeLing,aes(x = x, y =..density..)) + geom_histogram(aes(x = x, y =..density..),stat="bin",binwidth=0.5, boundary = 0)+ geom_text(aes(label=as.character(round(..density..,2))),stat="bin",binwidth=0.5,boundary = 0,vjust=-0.5) library("cowplot") plot_grid(GDPlot, GDPlot2,nrow = 1, ncol = 2 )

4、解决办法

经过测试，发现使用计数直方图绘图是，改变间距，不会改变各个区间点据的数值，索性自己吧计数直方图改成频率分布直方图，只需在y轴…count…后除以数据长度即可

# 绘图数据 surge <- c(0.81,2.21,1.23,0.59,1.09,0.72,0.83,1.38,0.25,0.69,0.7,0.72,1.39,1.75,1.01,0.81,0.96,0.75,0.62,1.99,1.27,0.83,3.19,1.49,0.99) # 间距为1时显示正常 GDPlot <- ggplot(surgeLing,aes(x = x, y =..count../length(surge))) + geom_histogram(aes(x = x, y =..count../length(surge)),stat="bin",binwidth=1, boundary = 0)+ geom_text(aes(label=as.character(round(..count../length(surge),2))),stat="bin",binwidth=1,boundary = 0,vjust=-0.5) # 间距为0.5时也显示正常 GDPlot2 <- ggplot(surgeLing,aes(x = x, y =..count../length(surge))) + geom_histogram(aes(x = x, y =..count../length(surge)),stat="bin",binwidth=0.5, boundary = 0)+ geom_text(aes(label=as.character(round(..count../length(surge),2))),stat="bin",binwidth=0.5,boundary = 0,vjust=-0.5) library("cowplot") plot_grid(GDPlot, GDPlot2,nrow = 1, ncol = 2 ) # 问题解决