[HFCTF2020]BabyUpload

    技术2025-03-17  26

    平台:https://buuoj.cn

    打开靶机给出源码

    <?php error_reporting(0); session_save_path("/var/babyctf/"); session_start(); require_once "/flag"; highlight_file(__FILE__); if($_SESSION['username'] ==='admin') { $filename='/var/babyctf/success.txt'; if(file_exists($filename)){ safe_delete($filename); die($flag); } } else{ $_SESSION['username'] ='guest'; } $direction = filter_input(INPUT_POST, 'direction'); $attr = filter_input(INPUT_POST, 'attr'); $dir_path = "/var/babyctf/".$attr; if($attr==="private"){ $dir_path .= "/".$_SESSION['username']; } if($direction === "upload"){ try{ if(!is_uploaded_file($_FILES['up_file']['tmp_name'])){ throw new RuntimeException('invalid upload'); } $file_path = $dir_path."/".$_FILES['up_file']['name']; $file_path .= "_".hash_file("sha256",$_FILES['up_file']['tmp_name']); if(preg_match('/(\.\.\/|\.\.\\\\)/', $file_path)){ throw new RuntimeException('invalid file path'); } @mkdir($dir_path, 0700, TRUE); if(move_uploaded_file($_FILES['up_file']['tmp_name'],$file_path)){ $upload_result = "uploaded"; }else{ throw new RuntimeException('error while saving'); } } catch (RuntimeException $e) { $upload_result = $e->getMessage(); } } elseif ($direction === "download") { try{ $filename = basename(filter_input(INPUT_POST, 'filename')); $file_path = $dir_path."/".$filename; if(preg_match('/(\.\.\/|\.\.\\\\)/', $file_path)){ throw new RuntimeException('invalid file path'); } if(!file_exists($file_path)) { throw new RuntimeException('file not exist'); } header('Content-Type: application/force-download'); header('Content-Length: '.filesize($file_path)); header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="'.substr($filename, 0, -65).'"'); if(readfile($file_path)){ $download_result = "downloaded"; }else{ throw new RuntimeException('error while saving'); } } catch (RuntimeException $e) { $download_result = $e->getMessage(); } exit; } ?>
    分析一下

    前面设置了session存储路径,启动了session并根目录下包含flag

    error_reporting(0); session_save_path("/var/babyctf/"); session_start(); require_once "/flag";

    如果session的username是admin,判断/var/babyctf下是否有success.txt,如果存在,删除文件并输出$flag。 否则设置username为guest

    if($_SESSION['username'] ==='admin') { $filename='/var/babyctf/success.txt'; if(file_exists($filename)){ safe_delete($filename); die($flag); } } else{ $_SESSION['username'] ='guest'; }

    设置两个post参数direction、attr,$dir_path拼接路径,若$attr为private,在$dir_path的基础上再拼接一个username

    $direction = filter_input(INPUT_POST, 'direction'); $attr = filter_input(INPUT_POST, 'attr'); $dir_path = "/var/babyctf/".$attr; if($attr==="private"){ $dir_path .= "/".$_SESSION['username']; }

    如果direction设置为upload,首先判断是否正常上传,通过则在$dir_path下拼接文件名,之后再拼接一个_,同时加上文件名的sha256值,之后限制目录穿越,创建相应目录,把文件上传到目录下。

    if($direction === "upload"){ try{ if(!is_uploaded_file($_FILES['up_file']['tmp_name'])){ throw new RuntimeException('invalid upload'); } $file_path = $dir_path."/".$_FILES['up_file']['name']; $file_path .= "_".hash_file("sha256",$_FILES['up_file']['tmp_name']); if(preg_match('/(\.\.\/|\.\.\\\\)/', $file_path)){ throw new RuntimeException('invalid file path'); } @mkdir($dir_path, 0700, TRUE); if(move_uploaded_file($_FILES['up_file']['tmp_name'],$file_path)){ $upload_result = "uploaded"; }else{ throw new RuntimeException('error while saving'); } } catch (RuntimeException $e) { $upload_result = $e->getMessage(); } }

    若direction设置为download,读取上传上来的文件名,拼接为$file_path,限制目录穿越,判断是否存在,存在则返回文件内容。

    elseif ($direction === "download") {//如果direction设置为download try{ $filename = basename(filter_input(INPUT_POST, 'filename')); $file_path = $dir_path."/".$filename; if(preg_match('/(\.\.\/|\.\.\\\\)/', $file_path)){ throw new RuntimeException('invalid file path'); } if(!file_exists($file_path)) { throw new RuntimeException('file not exist'); } header('Content-Type: application/force-download'); header('Content-Length: '.filesize($file_path)); header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="'.substr($filename, 0, -65).'"'); if(readfile($file_path)){ $download_result = "downloaded"; }else{ throw new RuntimeException('error while saving'); } } catch (RuntimeException $e) { $download_result = $e->getMessage(); } exit; }
    解题

    可知要获取flag需满足:

    $_SESSION[‘username’] ===‘admin’ $filename=’/var/babyctf/success.txt’

    也就是说我们要伪造自己的username是admin,并创建一个success.txt文件。

    伪造session

    php的session默认存储文件名是sess_+PHPSESSID的值,我们先看一下session文件内容。 查看cookie中PHPSESSID 构造direction=download&attr=&filename=sess_5373dbeb80f6189c95463d7a6c3881a9post传入,在返回内容中读到内容 可以看到还有一个不可见字符,参考这位师傅的文章得知, 不同的引擎所对应的session的存储方式有

    php_binary:存储方式是,键名的长度对应的ASCII字符+键名+经过serialize()函数序列化处理的值 php:存储方式是,键名+竖线+经过serialize()函数序列处理的值 php_serialize(php>5.5.4):存储方式是,经过serialize()函数序列化处理的值

    因此我们可以判断这里session处理器为php_binary,那么我们可以在本地利用php_binary生成我们要伪造的session文件。

    <?php ini_set('session.serialize_handler', 'php_binary'); session_save_path("D:\\phpstudy_pro\\WWW\\testphp\\"); session_start(); $_SESSION['username'] = 'admin';

    运行生成session文件 将文件名改为sess并计算sha256 这样,如果我们将sess文件上传,服务器储存该文件的文件名就应该是 sess_432b8b09e30c4a75986b719d1312b63a69f1b833ab602c9ad5f0299d1d76a5a4 用postman将文件传上去 构造direction=download&attr=&filename=sess_432b8b09e30c4a75986b719d1312b63a69f1b833ab602c9ad5f0299d1d76a5a4看是否上传成功 这样就实现了伪造

    创建success.txt

    现在还需要创建一个success.txt来满足判断,回到代码

    if($_SESSION['username'] ==='admin') { $filename='/var/babyctf/success.txt'; if(file_exists($filename)){ safe_delete($filename); die($flag); } }

    filename是通过file_exists来判断的,而file_exists函数在php中 文件名设置不了,直接创建目录也符合条件,将attr设置为success.txt创建目录,再将sess上传到该目录下即可绕过判断 可以看到已经上传成功 那么现在我们把PHPSESSID改为sess的文件sha256值让session的username为admin 再刷新一下即可得到flag

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