python学习第五节：用面向对象实现friendbook

课程视频链接

跟着麦叔学Python：https://b23.tv/Xx9NV0

1. 主程序 friend.py

from cmd import * def print_usage(): print("欢迎使用FriendBook，您可以输入以下命令：") print("list: 显示名单") print("张三：查询张三的情况，李四同理") print("886: 退出") print_usage() while(True): cmd = input('请输入命令:') if(cmd == '886'): print("再见啦...") break elif(cmd == 'list'): show_list() elif(cmd.isdigit()): find_by_id(cmd) else: find(cmd)

2. 创建模拟数据并写入文本 gen_data.py

import random xings_str = "李，王，张，刘，陈，杨，黄，赵，周，吴，徐，孙，朱，马，胡，郭，林，何，高，梁，郑，罗，宋，谢，唐，韩，曹，许，邓，萧，冯，曾，程，蔡，彭，潘，袁，于，董，余，苏，叶，吕，魏，蒋，田，杜，丁，沈，姜，范，江，傅，钟，卢，汪，戴，崔，任，陆，廖，姚，方，金，邱，夏，谭，韦，贾，邹，石，熊，孟，秦，阎，薛，侯，雷，白，龙，段，郝，孔，邵，史，毛，常，万，顾，赖，武，康，贺，严，尹，钱，施，牛，洪，龚" mings_str = "大，二，三，四，五，六，七，八，九" add_score_things = "点赞，赞美，投币，充电，打电话，帮助，送礼物" reduce_score_things = "骂，打，欺骗，白嫖，要挟" names = [] # ['45,戴八',''] records = [] # 张三 骂了 李四 减1分；王五 请吃饭 马六 加1分 #records = ['9,毛七,欺骗,60,尹四,-1',''] def mock_names(): xings = xings_str.split("，") mings = mings_str.split("，") for i in range(100): xing = random.choice(xings) ming = random.choice(mings) names.append('{},{}'.format(i+1, xing+ming)) # '45,戴八' def mock_records(): good_things = add_score_things.split("，") bad_things = reduce_score_things.split("，") things = good_things + bad_things for i in range(10000): n1 = random.choice(names) n2 = random.choice(names) thing = random.choice(things) if(things.index(thing) >= len(good_things)): score = -1 else: score = 1 records.append('{},{},{},{}'.format(n1, thing, n2, score)) # '9,毛七,欺骗,60,尹四,-1' def save_to_file(): with open('names.txt', 'w') as names_file: # with 在打开文件后会自动关闭,默认方式是'r'，读文件;a,加；w，重新写 for n in names: names_file.write('{}\n'.format(n)) with open('records.txt', 'w') as records_file: for n in records: records_file.write('{}\n'.format(n)) # 直接运行才会生成，引入不会生成 if __name__ == '__main__': print("generating mock data") mock_names() mock_records() save_to_file() print("finished mock")

3. 创建类 person.py

class Person(): def __init__(self, id, name): self.id = id self.name = name self.records = [] self.scores = {} def add_record(self, record): self.records.append(record) self.scores.setdefault(record.person.id, 0) #如果键不存在于字典中，将会添加键并将值设为默认值,相当于判断并赋值 self.scores[record.person.id] += record.score def remove_record(self, record): self.records.remove(record) class Record(): def __init__(self, person, action, score): self.person = person self.action = action self.score = score # 自动化测试 if __name__ == "__main__": p1 = Person(1, '张三') p2 = Person(2, '李四') r = Record(p2, '白嫖', -1) p1.add_record(r) assert len(p1.records) == 1, '应该有1条record' p1.remove_record(r) assert len(p1.records) == 0, '应该有0条record'

4. 将文本数据加载到类中 friend_data.py

from person import * persons = [] def load_data(): load_names() load_records() def load_names(): with open('names.txt') as name_file: # 默认是r lines = name_file.readlines() # 把每一行读出来 for line in lines: id, name = line.split(',') persons.append(Person(int(id), name.strip())) #strip() 去掉开头和末尾的空格和换行符 def load_records(): with open('records.txt') as records_file: # 默认是r lines = records_file.readlines() # 把每一行读出来 for line in lines: # 20,洪六,投币,97,袁三,1 points = line.split(',') # points是一个列表 p1 = find_person(points[0].strip()) # 去掉分割出来文字的空格 p2 = find_person(points[3].strip()) if (p1 == None or p2 == None): continue action = points[2].strip() score = int(points[5].strip()) r = Record(p2, action, score) p1.add_record(r) def find_person(id): ps = [p for p in persons if p.id == int(id)] if len(ps) > 0: #print('found {}'.format(ps[0].name)) return ps[0] #返回一个person实例 load_data() if __name__ == "__main__": for p in persons: print('{} has {} records'.format(p.name, len(p.records)))

5. 实现主程序的命令 cmd.py

from friend_data import * def show_list(): for p in persons: print("{}. {}".format(p.id, p.name)) def find_by_id(id): id = int(id) p = find_person(id) if(p == None): print("无效的ID{}".format(id)) else: show_one(p) def show_one(p): print("{}. {}".format(p.id, p.name)) #show_records(p) show_summary(p) def show_records(p): for r in p.records: # 张三(12) 给我 充电 1 p2 = r.person print("{}({}) 给我 {} {}".format(p2.name, p2.id, r.action, r.score)) def show_summary(p): print("===== 总分数 =====") for id2, score in p.scores.items(): p2 = find_person(id2) print("{} ({}): {}".format(p2.name, p2.id, score)) def find(name): find_names = [p for p in persons if p.name == name] # 是list[] count = len(find_names) if(count == 0): print("不存在：{}".format(name)) elif(count > 1): for p in find_names: print("{}. {}".format(p.id, p.name)) print("有多个{}，请输入id选择具体的人".format(name)) else: show_one(find_names[0])