1、初识SpringCloud

微服务是一种架构方式，最终肯定需要技术架构去实施。

微服务的实现方式很多，但是最火的莫过于Spring Cloud了。为什么？

后台硬：作为Spring家族的一员，有整个Spring全家桶靠山，背景十分强大。技术强：Spring作为Java领域的前辈，可以说是功力深厚。有强力的技术团队支撑，一般人还真比不了群众基础好：可以说大多数程序员的成长都伴随着Spring框架，试问：现在有几家公司开发不用Spring？SpringCloud与Spring的各个框架无缝整合，对大家来说一切都是熟悉的配方，熟悉的味道。使用方便：相信大家都体会到了SpringBoot给我们开发带来的便利，而SpringCloud完全支持SpringBoot的开发，用很少的配置就能完成微服务框架的搭建

1.1、简介

SpringCloud是Spring旗下的项目之一，官网地址：http://projects.spring.io/spring-cloud/

Spring最擅长的就是集成，把世界上最好的框架拿过来，集成到自己的项目中。

SpringCloud也是一样，它将现在非常流行的一些技术整合到一起，实现了诸如：配置管理，服务发现，智能路由，负载均衡，熔断器，控制总线，集群状态等等功能。其主要涉及的组件包括：

Eureka：服务治理组件，包含服务注册中心，服务注册与发现机制的实现。（服务治理，服务注册/发现）Zuul：网关组件，提供智能路由，访问过滤功能Ribbon：客户端负载均衡的服务调用组件（客户端负载）Feign：服务调用，给予Ribbon和Hystrix的声明式服务调用组件（声明式服务调用）Hystrix：容错管理组件，实现断路器模式，帮助服务依赖中出现的延迟和为故障提供强大的容错能力。(熔断、断路器，容错)

以上只是其中一部分。

2、SpringCloud升级,部分组件停用:

1,Eureka停用,可以使用zk作为服务注册中心

2,服务调用,Ribbon准备停更,代替为LoadBalance

3,Feign改为OpenFeign

4,Hystrix停更,改为resilence4j

或者阿里巴巴的sentienl

5.Zuul改为gateway

6,服务配置Config改为 Nacos

7,服务总线Bus改为Nacos

3、环境搭建:

3.1、创建父工程,pom依赖

<properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <junit.version>4.12</junit.version> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version> <mysql.version>8.0.18</mysql.version> <druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version> <druid.spring.boot.starter.version>1.1.10</druid.spring.boot.starter.version> <spring.boot.version>2.2.2.RELEASE</spring.boot.version> <spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR1</spring.cloud.version> <spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.1.0.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.version> <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version> <mybatis-spring-boot-starter.version>2.1.1</mybatis-spring-boot-starter.version> <hutool-all.version>5.1.0</hutool-all.version> </properties>

<!– 子模块继承之后，提供作用：锁定版本 + 子module不用谢groupId和version –> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <!–spring boot 2.2.2–> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId> <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <!–spring cloud Hoxton.SR1–> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>Hoxton.SR1</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <!–Spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE–> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId> <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version> $KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '&' at position 162: \dotsoken operator">&̲lt;<span\dots$ {druid.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version> $KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '&' at position 299: \dotsoken operator">&̲lt;<span\dots$ {mybatis-spring-boot-starter.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>${lombok.version}</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement>

<build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <fork>true</fork> <addResources>true</addResources> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build>

<!–第三方maven私服–> <repositories> <repository> <id>nexus-aliyun</id> <name>Nexus aliyun</name> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>false</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories>

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3.2、创建子模块

子模块名字:cloud-provider-payment8001

3.3、pom依赖

<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.1.10</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758

3.4、创建application.yml

server: port: 8001

spring: application: name: cloud-payment-service datasource: # 当前数据源操作类型 type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource # mysql驱动类 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2019?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8 username: root password: root

mybatis: mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/.xml type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.springcloud.entities

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3.5、主启动类

package com.atguigu.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication public class PaymentMain8001 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class,args); } }

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3.6、业务类

1、sql

CREATE TABLE `payment` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `serial` varchar(200) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=33 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 12345

2、实体类

package com.atguigu.springcloud.entities;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data @AllArgsConstructor //全参 @NoArgsConstructor //空参 public class Payment implements Serializable {

private Long id; private String serial;

}

123456789101112131415161718 package com.atguigu.springcloud.entities;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data @AllArgsConstructor //全参 @NoArgsConstructor //空参 public class CommonResult <T>{

private Integer code; private String message; private T data; public CommonResult(Integer code,String message){ this(code,message,null); }

}

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3、dao层:

package com.atguigu.springcloud.dao;

import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

@Mapper public interface PaymentDao {

public int create(Payment payment); public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") long id);

}

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4、mapper配置文件类

在resource下,创建mapper/PayMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao">  <insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id"> insert into payment(serial) values(#{serial}); </insert> <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment"> <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT" /> <id column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/> </resultMap> <select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap"> select * from payment where id=#{id}; </select>

</mapper>

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5、service和serviceImpl

package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;

import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

public interface PaymentService {

}

12345678910111213 package com.atguigu.springcloud.service.impl;

import com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao; import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment; import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.PaymentService; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Service public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {

@Resource private PaymentDao paymentDao; @Override public int create(Payment payment) { return paymentDao.create(payment); } @Override public Payment getPaymentById(long id) { return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id); }

}

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6、controller

package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;

import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult; import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment; import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.PaymentService; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController @Slf4j public class PaymentController {

@Resource private PaymentService paymentService; @PostMapping(value = "/payment/create") public CommonResult create(Payment payment){ int result = paymentService.create(payment); log.info("*****插入结果："+result); if (result > 0){ return new CommonResult(200,"插入数据库成功",result); }else { return new CommonResult(444,"插入数据库失败",null); } } @GetMapping(value = "/payment/get/{id}") public CommonResult<Payment> getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){ Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id); log.info("*****查询结果："+payment+"\t"+"O(∩_∩)O哈哈~"); if (payment != null){ return new CommonResult(200,"查询成功",payment); }else { return new CommonResult(444,"没有查到对应的记录，查询ID："+id,null); } }

}

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3.7、测试

先运行插入程序再运行查询程序进行测试即可！

4、热部署

1、添加pom依赖

<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> 1234567

2、修改配置 3、按==ctrl+shift+alt+== 选择Registry…

5、order模块

再创建一个微服务子模块，跟上一个模块一起进行测试！

1、子模块名称：cloud-consumer-order802、添加pom依赖： <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536 3、启动类： package com.atguigu.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication public class OrderMain80 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class,args); } }

123456789101112 4、配置application.yml server: port: 80 12 5、实体类 package com.atguigu.springcloud.entities;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data @AllArgsConstructor //全参 @NoArgsConstructor //空参 public class Payment implements Serializable {

private Long id; private String serial;

}

123456789101112131415161718 package com.atguigu.springcloud.entities;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data @AllArgsConstructor //全参 @NoArgsConstructor //空参 public class CommonResult<T>{

private Integer code; private String message; private T data; public CommonResult(Integer code, String message){ this(code,message,null); }

}

123456789101112131415161718192021 6、config： package com.atguigu.springcloud.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration public class ApplicationContextConfig {

@Bean public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() { return new RestTemplate(); }

}

1234567891011121314 7、Controller package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;

import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult; import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController @Slf4j public class OrderController { public static final String PAYMENT_URL=“http://localhost:8001”;

@Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate;

@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create") public CommonResult< Payment > create(Payment payment) { return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL + “/payment/create”, payment, CommonResult.class); }

@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}") public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id){ return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/get/"+id,CommonResult.class); }

}

12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031 8、测试在测试之前一定要先在cloud-provider-payment8001模块中的PaymentController中添加==@RequestBody==,否侧添加数据时会报错。

6、api模块

1、放置一些通用的代码，以此来简化工程代码量。2、创建子模块：cloud-api-commons3、添加pom依赖 <dependencies>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId> <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId> <version>5.1.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> 12345678910111213141516171819 4、将cloud-consumer-order80或cloud-provider-payment8001工程中的entities包下的两个实体类复制到当前的工程中。 5、在cloud-consumer-order80和cloud-provider-payment8001工程中添加pom依赖。 <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> 12345 6、删除cloud-consumer-order80和cloud-provider-payment8001工程中的entities的实体类。7、测试。

7、服务注册与发现Eureka:

前面我们没有服务注册中心,也可以服务间调用,为什么还要服务注册?

当服务很多时,单靠代码手动管理是很麻烦的,需要一个公共组件,统一管理多服务,包括服务是否正常运行,等

Eureka用于**服务注册,目前官网已经停止更新**

7.1、环境搭建

1、创建子模块：cloud-eureka-server70012、添加pom依赖 <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344 3、启动类 package com.atguigu.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaServer public class EurekaMain7001 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EurekaMain7001.class,args); } }

1234567891011121314 4、配置application.yml server: port: 7001

eureka: instance: hostname: localhost #eureka服务端的实例名字 client: register-with-eureka: false #表识不向注册中心注册自己 fetch-registry: false #表示自己就是注册中心，职责是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http:// $span class="token punctuation">{eureka.instance.hostname}:$ {server.port}/eureka/ #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址

1234567891011 5、测试打开浏览器访问http://localhost:7001/进入Eureka页面。

7.2、将微服务工程注册进Eureka

1、将cloud-provider-payment8001注册进Eureka

添加pom依赖 <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> 1234 配置application.yml eureka: client: register-with-eureka: true fetchRegistry: true service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka 123456 在启动类添加==@EnableEurekaClient==

测试

打开浏览器访问http://localhost:7001/进入Eureka页面。 2、将cloud-consumer-order80注册进Eureka

打开浏览器访问http://localhost:7001/进入Eureka页面。

7.3、Eureka集群

解决办法：搭建Eureka注册中心集群，实现负载均衡+故障容错

7.3.1、核心原理

互相注册，相互守望

7.3.2、搭建集群

1、创建一个子模块：cloud-eureka-server70022、将cloud-eureka-server7001中的依赖复制到cloud-eureka-server7002中。3、启动类 package com.atguigu.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaServer public class EurekaMain7002 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EurekaMain7002.class,args); } }

1234567891011121314 4、修改映射文件找到C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc路径下的hosts文件将127.0.0.1 eureka7001.com，127.0.0.1 eureka7002.com添加到host文件中。5、修改yml配置文件 1）cloud-eureka-server7001 server: port: 7001

eureka: instance: hostname: eureka7001.com #eureka服务端的实例名字 client: register-with-eureka: false #表识不向注册中心注册自己 fetch-registry: false #表示自己就是注册中心，职责是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/ #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址

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2）cloud-eureka-server7002

server: port: 7002

eureka: instance: hostname: eureka7002.com #eureka服务端的实例名字 client: register-with-eureka: false #表识不向注册中心注册自己 fetch-registry: false #表示自己就是注册中心，职责是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/ #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址

1234567891011 6、测试打开浏览器依次访问http://eureka7001.com:7001/，http://eureka7002.com:7002/ 出现如上图信息，表示Eureka集群搭建成功！

7.3.3、微服务注册进集群

1、将cloud-provider-payment8001和cloud-consumer-order80注册进7001/7002集群工程之中。

2、修改yml文件： 1）cloud-provider-payment8001

eureka: client: register-with-eureka: true fetchRegistry: true service-url: #defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka #集群版 12345678

2）cloud-consumer-order80

3、测试先要启动EurekaServer，7001/7002服务

再要启动服务提供者provider，8001服务

再要启动消费者，80

7.3.4、新增微服务，模拟负载均衡

1、创建子模块：cloud-provider-payment80022、将cloud-provider-payment8001中的所有代码全部拷贝到cloud-provider-payment8002中。3、修改端口号和启动类，8001改成8002即可。4、在controller类中添加 @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; 12

5、测试

6、订单服务访问地址不能写死修改cloud-consumer-order80工程中的controller类此时，会出现访问不到具体哪个微服务端口号的错误。

解决办法：使用@LoadBalanced注解赋予RestTemplate负载均衡的能力

7、测试打开浏览器访问http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/31 通过刷新测试，轮番出现8001和8002端口号时，表示测试成功！

7.4、actuator微服务信息完善

当前问题：在Eureka注册中心处微服务没有没有ip提示。解决办法：在cloud-provider-payment8001和cloud-provider-payment8002的yml文件中添加如下配置 instance: instance-id: payment8001 prefer-ip-address: true #访问路径可以显示IP地址 123 测试

7.5、服务发现Discovery

1、修改cloud-provider-payment8001的Controller @Resource private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient; 12 @GetMapping(value = "/payment/discovery") public Object discovery(){ List<String> services = discoveryClient.getServices(); for (String element : services){ log.info("*****element:"+element); } List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE"); for (ServiceInstance instance : instances) { log.info(instance.getServiceId()+"\t"+instance.getHost()+"\t"+instance.getPort()+"\t"+instance.getUri()); } return this.discoveryClient; } 12345678910111213 2、启动类 @EnableDiscoveryClient 1 3、测试打开浏览器访问http://localhost:8001/payment/discovery 如图所示，可以看到我们在这个端口号上所有注册的微服务。

7.6、Eureka自我保护机制

7.6.1、关闭自我保护机制

1、关闭集群，改用单机版测试

2、出厂默认，自我保护机制是开启的 eureka.server.enable-self-preservation = true

3、使用eureka.server.enable-self-preservation = false可以禁用自我保护模式

server: enable-self-preservation: false #关闭自我保护机制，保证不可用服务被及时剔除 eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 2000 123 4、配置服务端cloud-provider-payment8001的yml文件 #Eureka客户端向服务端发送心跳的时间间隔，单位为秒（默认是30秒） lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 1 #Eureka服务端在收到最后一次心跳后等待时间上限，单位为秒（默认是90秒），超市将剔除服务 lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 2 1234 5、测试

7.7、Eureka停更说明

官网：https://github.com/Netflix/eureka/wiki Eureka停止更新了你怎么办？看下面的consul

8、Consul服务注册与发现

8.1、简介

官网：https://www.consul.io/intro/index.html

1、是什么？ 2、能干嘛：服务发现：提供HTTP和DNS两种发现方式

健康监测：支持多种协议，HTTP、TCP、Docker、Shell脚本定制化

KV存储：key , Value的存储方式

多数据中心：Consul支持多数据中心

可视化Web界面

8.2、安装并运行Consul

官网下载：https://www.consul.io/downloads.html

下载完成后只有一个consul.exe文件，硬盘路径下双击运行，查看版本信息。使用开发模式启动

在cmd窗口输入consul agent -dev

通过以下地址可以访问Consul的首页：http;//localhost:8500

8.3、测试

1）

1、创建子模块：cloud-providerconsul-payment80062、添加pom依赖： <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041 3、配置yml文件 server: port: 8006

spring: application: name: consul-provider-payment cloud: consul: host: localhost port: 8500 discovery: service-name: ${spring.application.name}

123456789101112 4、主启动类 package com.atguigu.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication @EnableDiscoveryClient public class PaymentMain8006 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8006.class,args); } }

1234567891011121314 5、Controller package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.UUID;

@RestController @Slf4j public class PaymentController {

@Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; @GetMapping(value = "/payment/consul") public String paymentConsul(){ return "springcloud with consul:"+serverPort+"\t"+ UUID.randomUUID().toString(); }

}

123456789101112131415161718192021222324

6、测试 http://localhost:8006/payment/consul 2）

1、创建子模块：cloud-consumerconsul-order80

2、添加pom依赖

<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142 3、启动类 package com.atguigu.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication @EnableDiscoveryClient public class OrderConsulMain80 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderConsulMain80.class,args); } }

1234567891011121314 4、配置yml文件 server: port: 80

spring: application: name: consul-consumer-order cloud: consul: host: localhost port: 8500 discovery: service-name: ${spring.application.name}

123456789101112 5、配置Bean package com.atguigu.springcloud.config;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration public class ApplicationContextConfig {

@LoadBalanced @Bean public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()<div id="article_content" class="article_content clearfix"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://csdnimg.cn/release/phoenix/template/css/ck_htmledit_views-211130ba7a.css"> <div id="content_views" class="markdown_views prism-atom-one-dark">  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display: none;"> <path stroke-linecap="round" d="M5,0 0,2.5 5,5z" id="raphael-marker-block" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></path> </svg> <div class="toc"><h3><a name="t0"></a><a name="t0"></a>目录</h3><ul><li><a href="#1SpringCloud_1" rel="nofollow" target="_self">1、初识SpringCloud</a></li><ul><li><a href="#11_11" rel="nofollow" target="_self">1.1、简介</a></li></ul><li><a href="#2SpringCloud_27" rel="nofollow" target="_self">2、SpringCloud升级,部分组件停用:</a></li><li><a href="#3_44" rel="nofollow" target="_self">3、环境搭建:</a></li><ul><li><a href="#31pom_45" rel="nofollow" target="_self">3.1、创建父工程,pom依赖</a></li><li><a href="#32_150" rel="nofollow" target="_self">3.2、创建子模块</a></li><li><a href="#33pom_153" rel="nofollow" target="_self">3.3、pom依赖</a></li><li><a href="#34applicationyml_215" rel="nofollow" target="_self">3.4、创建application.yml</a></li><li><a href="#35_237" rel="nofollow" target="_self">3.5、主启动类</a></li><li><a href="#36_253" rel="nofollow" target="_self">3.6、业务类</a></li><li><a href="#37_448" rel="nofollow" target="_self">3.7、测试</a></li></ul><li><a href="#4_451" rel="nofollow" target="_self">4、热部署</a></li><li><a href="#5order_468" rel="nofollow" target="_self">5、order模块</a></li><li><a href="#6api_638" rel="nofollow" target="_self">6、api模块</a></li><li><a href="#7Eureka_678" rel="nofollow" target="_self">7、服务注册与发现Eureka:</a></li><ul><li><a href="#71_692" rel="nofollow" target="_self">7.1、环境搭建</a></li><li><a href="#72Eureka_780" rel="nofollow" target="_self">7.2、将微服务工程注册进Eureka</a></li><li><a href="#73Eureka_839" rel="nofollow" target="_self">7.3、Eureka集群</a></li><ul><li><a href="#731_843" rel="nofollow" target="_self">7.3.1、核心原理</a></li><li><a href="#732_845" rel="nofollow" target="_self">7.3.2、搭建集群</a></li><li><a href="#733_909" rel="nofollow" target="_self">7.3.3、微服务注册进集群</a></li><li><a href="#734_946" rel="nofollow" target="_self">7.3.4、新增微服务，模拟负载均衡</a></li></ul><li><a href="#74actuator_973" rel="nofollow" target="_self">7.4、actuator微服务信息完善</a></li><li><a href="#75Discovery_986" rel="nofollow" target="_self">7.5、服务发现Discovery</a></li><li><a href="#76Eureka_1019" rel="nofollow" target="_self">7.6、Eureka自我保护机制</a></li><ul><li><a href="#761_1025" rel="nofollow" target="_self">7.6.1、关闭自我保护机制</a></li></ul><li><a href="#77Eureka_1049" rel="nofollow" target="_self">7.7、Eureka停更说明</a></li></ul><li><a href="#8Consul_1055" rel="nofollow" target="_self">8、Consul服务注册与发现</a></li><ul><li><a href="#81_1056" rel="nofollow" target="_self">8.1、简介</a></li><li><a href="#82Consul_1073" rel="nofollow" target="_self">8.2、安装并运行Consul</a></li><li><a href="#83_1085" rel="nofollow" target="_self">8.3、测试</a></li></ul><li><a href="#9_1343" rel="nofollow" target="_self">9、注册中心异同点</a></li><li><a href="#10Ribbon_1357" rel="nofollow" target="_self">10、Ribbon负载均衡服务调用</a></li><ul><li><a href="#101_1358" rel="nofollow" target="_self">10.1、概述</a></li><li><a href="#102Ribbon_1377" rel="nofollow" target="_self">10.2、Ribbon负载均衡演示</a></li><li><a href="#103RibbonIRule_1403" rel="nofollow" target="_self">10.3、Ribbon核心组件IRule</a></li><li><a href="#104Ribbon_1450" rel="nofollow" target="_self">10.4、Ribbon负载均衡算法</a></li><ul><li><a href="#1041_1455" rel="nofollow" target="_self">10.4.1、手写本地负载均衡器</a></li></ul></ul><li><a href="#11OpenFeign_1595" rel="nofollow" target="_self">11、OpenFeign服务接口调用</a></li><ul><li><a href="#111_1596" rel="nofollow" target="_self">11.1、概述</a></li><li><a href="#112OpenFeign_1606" rel="nofollow" target="_self">11.2、OpenFeign使用步骤</a></li><li><a href="#113OpenFeign_1753" rel="nofollow" target="_self">11.3、OpenFeign超时控制</a></li><li><a href="#114OpenFeign_1800" rel="nofollow" target="_self">11.4、OpenFeign日志打印功能</a></li></ul><li><a href="#12Hystrix_1834" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12、Hystrix断路器</a></li><ul><li><a href="#121_1835" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.1、概述</a></li><li><a href="#122Hystrix_1856" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.2、Hystrix重要概念</a></li><li><a href="#123hystrix_1876" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.3、hystrix案例</a></li><ul><li><a href="#1231_1877" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.3.1、入门测试</a></li><li><a href="#1232_2053" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.3.2、高并发测试</a></li><ul><li><a href="#12321Jmeter_2055" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.3.2.1、Jmeter压测测试</a></li><li><a href="#12322_2077" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.3.2.2、新建模块再测试</a></li></ul></ul><li><a href="#124_2251" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.4、服务降级</a></li><ul><li><a href="#1241_2252" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.4.1、单局测试</a></li><li><a href="#1242_2326" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.4.2、全局测试</a></li></ul><li><a href="#125_2400" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.5、服务熔断</a></li><ul><li><a href="#1251_2401" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.5.1、断路器</a></li><li><a href="#1252_2403" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.5.2、熔断是什么</a></li><li><a href="#1253_2409" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.5.3、实操</a></li><li><a href="#1254_2459" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.5.4、原理（小总结）</a></li></ul><li><a href="#126hystrix_2469" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.6、hystrix工作流程</a></li><li><a href="#127hystrixDashboard_2472" rel="nofollow" target="_self">12.7、服务监控hystrixDashboard</a></li></ul><li><a href="#13Gatewayzuul_2596" rel="nofollow" target="_self">13、Gateway新一代网关（替换zuul）</a></li><ul><li><a href="#131_2597" rel="nofollow" target="_self">13.1、概述简介</a></li><li><a href="#132_2642" rel="nofollow" target="_self">13.2、三大核心概念</a></li><li><a href="#133Gateway_2647" rel="nofollow" target="_self">13.3、Gateway工作流程</a></li><li><a href="#134_2655" rel="nofollow" target="_self">13.4、入门配置</a></li><li><a href="#135_2824" rel="nofollow" target="_self">13.5、通过微服务名实现动态路由</a></li><li><a href="#136Predicate_2873" rel="nofollow" target="_self">13.6、Predicate的使用</a></li><li><a href="#137Filter_2996" rel="nofollow" target="_self">13.7、Filter的使用</a></li></ul><li><a href="#14SpringCloud_config_3069" rel="nofollow" target="_self">14、SpringCloud config分布式配置中心</a></li><ul><li><a href="#141_3070" rel="nofollow" target="_self">14.1、概述</a></li><li><a href="#142Config_3090" rel="nofollow" target="_self">14.2、Config服务端配置与测试</a></li><li><a href="#143Config_3215" rel="nofollow" target="_self">14.3、Config客户端配置与测试</a></li><li><a href="#144Config_3353" rel="nofollow" target="_self">14.4、Config客户端之动态刷新</a></li></ul><li><a href="#15SpringCloud_Bus__3427" rel="nofollow" target="_self">15、SpringCloud Bus 消息总线</a></li><ul><li><a href="#151_3428" rel="nofollow" target="_self">15.1、概述</a></li><li><a href="#152RabbitMQ_3437" rel="nofollow" target="_self">15.2、RabbitMQ环境配置</a></li><li><a href="#153SpringCloud_Bus_3447" rel="nofollow" target="_self">15.3、SpringCloud Bus动态刷新全局广播</a></li><li><a href="#154SpringCloud_Bus_3744" rel="nofollow" target="_self">15.4、SpringCloud Bus动态刷新定点通知</a></li></ul><li><a href="#16SpringCloud_Stream_3758" rel="nofollow" target="_self">16、SpringCloud Stream消息驱动</a></li><ul><li><a href="#161_3759" rel="nofollow" target="_self">16.1、消息驱动概述</a></li><li><a href="#162_3812" rel="nofollow" target="_self">16.2、案例说明</a></li><li><a href="#163_3821" rel="nofollow" target="_self">16.3、消息驱动之生产者</a></li><li><a href="#164_3991" rel="nofollow" target="_self">16.4、消息驱动之消费者</a></li><li><a href="#165_4118" rel="nofollow" target="_self">16.5、分组消费与持久化</a></li></ul><li><a href="#17SpringCloud_Sleuth_4179" rel="nofollow" target="_self">17、SpringCloud Sleuth分布式请求链路追踪</a></li><ul><li><a href="#171_4181" rel="nofollow" target="_self">17.1、概述</a></li><li><a href="#172_4195" rel="nofollow" target="_self">17.2、搭建链路监控步骤</a></li></ul><li><a href="#18SpringCloud_Alibaba_4281" rel="nofollow" target="_self">18、SpringCloud Alibaba入门简介</a></li><li><a href="#19SpringCloud_Alibaba_Nacos_4336" rel="nofollow" target="_self">19、SpringCloud Alibaba Nacos服务注册和配置中心</a></li><ul><li><a href="#191Nacos_4337" rel="nofollow" target="_self">19.1、Nacos简介</a></li><li><a href="#192Nacos_4362" rel="nofollow" target="_self">19.2、安装并运行Nacos</a></li><li><a href="#193Nacos_4375" rel="nofollow" target="_self">19.3、Nacos作为服务注册中心演示</a></li><li><a href="#194Nacos_4645" rel="nofollow" target="_self">19.4、Nacos作为服务配置中心演示</a></li><li><a href="#195Nacos_4843" rel="nofollow" target="_self">19.5、Nacos集群和持久化配置（重要）</a></li><ul><li><a href="#1951_4844" rel="nofollow" target="_self">19.5.1、官网说明</a></li><li><a href="#1952Nacos_4860" rel="nofollow" target="_self">19.5.2、Nacos持久化配置解释</a></li><li><a href="#1953LinuxNacosMySQL_4881" rel="nofollow" target="_self">19.5.3、Linux版Nacos+MySQL生产环境配置</a></li></ul></ul><li><a href="#20SpringCloud_Alibaba_Sentinel_4959" rel="nofollow" target="_self">20、SpringCloud Alibaba Sentinel实现熔断与限流</a></li><ul><li><a href="#201Sentinel_4960" rel="nofollow" target="_self">20.1、Sentinel简介</a></li><li><a href="#202Sentinel_4984" rel="nofollow" target="_self">20.2、安装Sentinel控制台</a></li><li><a href="#203_5003" rel="nofollow" target="_self">20.3、初始化演示工程</a></li><li><a href="#204_5147" rel="nofollow" target="_self">20.4、流控规则</a></li><li><a href="#205_5242" rel="nofollow" target="_self">20.5、降级规则</a></li><li><a href="#206key_5315" rel="nofollow" target="_self">20.6、热点key限流</a></li><li><a href="#207_5376" rel="nofollow" target="_self">20.7、系统规则</a></li><li><a href="#208SentinelResource_5385" rel="nofollow" target="_self">20.8、@SentinelResource</a></li><li><a href="#209_5515" rel="nofollow" target="_self">20.9、服务熔断功能</a></li><ul><li><a href="#2091Ribbon_5516" rel="nofollow" target="_self">20.9.1、Ribbon系列</a></li><li><a href="#2092Feign_5800" rel="nofollow" target="_self">20.9.2、Feign系列</a></li></ul><li><a href="#2010_5880" rel="nofollow" target="_self">20.10、规则持久化</a></li></ul><li><a href="#21SpringCloud_Alibaba_Seata_5966" rel="nofollow" target="_self">21、SpringCloud Alibaba Seata处理分布式事务</a></li><ul><li><a href="#211_5967" rel="nofollow" target="_self">21.1、分布式事务问题</a></li><li><a href="#212Seata_5978" rel="nofollow" target="_self">21.2、Seata简介</a></li><li><a href="#213SeataServer_6010" rel="nofollow" target="_self">21.3、Seata-Server安装与配置</a></li><li><a href="#214_6114" rel="nofollow" target="_self">21.4、订单/库存/账户业务数据库准备</a></li><li><a href="#215_6210" rel="nofollow" target="_self">21.5、订单/库存/账户业务微服务准备</a></li><ul><li><a href="#2151OrderModule_6211" rel="nofollow" target="_self">21.5.1、新建订单Order-Module</a></li><li><a href="#2152StorageModule_6804" rel="nofollow" target="_self">21.5.2、新建库存Storage-Module</a></li><li><a href="#2153AccountModule_7236" rel="nofollow" target="_self">21.5.3、新建账户Account-Module</a></li><li><a href="#2154Test_7794" rel="nofollow" target="_self">21.5.4、Test</a></li></ul><li><a href="#216Seata_7816" rel="nofollow" target="_self">21.6、Seata之原理</a></li></ul></ul></div>

1、初识SpringCloud

微服务是一种架构方式，最终肯定需要技术架构去实施。

微服务的实现方式很多，但是最火的莫过于Spring Cloud了。为什么？

1.1、简介

SpringCloud是Spring旗下的项目之一，官网地址：http://projects.spring.io/spring-cloud/

Spring最擅长的就是集成，把世界上最好的框架拿过来，集成到自己的项目中。

以上只

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最新版SpringCloud（H版&amp;alibaba）

目录

1、初识SpringCloud

1.1、简介

2、SpringCloud升级,部分组件停用:

3、环境搭建:

3.1、创建父工程,pom依赖

3.2、创建子模块

3.3、pom依赖

3.4、创建application.yml

3.5、主启动类

3.6、业务类

3.7、测试

4、热部署

5、order模块

6、api模块

7、服务注册与发现Eureka:

7.1、环境搭建

7.2、将微服务工程注册进Eureka

7.3、Eureka集群

7.3.1、核心原理

7.3.2、搭建集群

7.3.3、微服务注册进集群

7.3.4、新增微服务，模拟负载均衡

7.4、actuator微服务信息完善

7.5、服务发现Discovery

7.6、Eureka自我保护机制

7.6.1、关闭自我保护机制

7.7、Eureka停更说明

8、Consul服务注册与发现

8.1、简介

8.2、安装并运行Consul

8.3、测试

1、初识SpringCloud

1.1、简介

最新版SpringCloud（H版&alibaba）