SpringBoot异常处理五种方式

技术2022-07-10 134

1.自定义错误页面

在resources/templates文件夹下新建error.html，出错后将跳转至该页面。

2.通过@ExceptionHandler注解处理异常

在异常出现的Controller中添加一个方法用@ExceptionHandler修饰

@ExceptionHandler(value = {java.lang.NullPointerException.class})//valus参数设置异常的类型 public ModelAndView nullPointerExceptionHandler(Exception e){//返回值是ModelAndView ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView(); modelAndView.addObject("errorMsg",e.toString());//通过addObject()方法添加错误的信息 modelAndView.setViewName("nullPointerExceptionView");//通过setViewName()方法设置返回视图的名称 return modelAndView; }

在显示错误信息页面用thymeleaf表达式取出错误信息

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <span th:text="${errorMsg}"></span> </body> </html>

3.通过@ControllerAdvice与@ExceptionHandler注解处理全局异常

新建类GlobalExceptionHandler.java用@ControllerAdvice修饰，在类中添加异常处理的方法

@ControllerAdvice public class GlobalExceptionHandler { @ExceptionHandler(value = {java.lang.NullPointerException.class})//valus参数设置异常的类型 public ModelAndView nullPointerExceptionHandler(Exception e){//返回值是ModelAndView ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView(); modelAndView.addObject("error",e.toString());//通过addObject()方法添加错误的信息 modelAndView.setViewName("nullPointerExceptionView");//通过setViewName()方法设置返回视图的名称 return modelAndView; } }

4.通过SimpleMappingExceptionResolver对象处理异常

新建类GlobalExceptionHandler.java用@Configuration修饰，在类中添加异常处理的方法

@Configuration public class GlobalExceptionHandler { /** * 此方法返回值必须是SimpleMappingExceptionResolver对象 * @return SimpleMappingExceptionResolver */ @Bean public SimpleMappingExceptionResolver getSimpleMappingExceptionResolver(){ SimpleMappingExceptionResolver resolver = new SimpleMappingExceptionResolver(); Properties properties = new Properties(); /** * 参数一：异常类型的全名 * 参数二：需要跳转的视图名称 */ properties.put("java.lang.NullPointerException","nullPointerError"); resolver.setExceptionMappings(properties); return resolver; } }

5.通过自定义HandlerExceptionResolver对象处理异常

@Configuration public class GlobalExceptionHandler implements HandlerExceptionResolver { @Override public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) { ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView(); if (e instanceof NullPointerException){//判断产生的异常是哪种异常的实例 modelAndView.setViewName("nullPointerExceptionView"); //通过setViewName()方法设置需要跳转的视图 } modelAndView.addObject("errorMsg",e.toString());//通过addObject()方法传递异常的信息 return modelAndView; } }

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