Python3 内置http.client,urllib.request及三方库requests发送请求对比

GET http://httpbin.org/get

Python3 http.client

import http.client # 1. 建立HTTP连接 conn = http.client.HTTPConnection("httpbin.org") # 2. 发送GET请求，制定接口路径 conn.request("GET", '/get') # 3. 获取相应 res = conn.getresponse() # 4. 解析相应.进行解码 print(res.read().encode("utf-8")) # 自己解码

Python3 urllib.request

import urllib res = urllib.request.urlopen("http://httpbin.org/get") print(res.read().decode("utf-8")) # 自己解码

Python3 requests

import requests res = requests.get("http://httpbin.org/get") print(res.text) # 自动按默认utf-8解码

HTTPS,GET请求,带中文参数#

GET http://httpbin.org/get?name=张三&age=12

Python3 http.client

import http.client import urllib.parse conn = http.client.HTTPSConnection("httpbin.org") url = urllib.parse.quote("/get?name=张三&age=12", safe=':/?=&') # 进行url编码 conn.request("GET", url) res = conn.getresponse() print(res.read().decode("utf-8")) # 自己解码

Python3 urllib.request

Copyimport urllib import urllib.parse url = urllib.parse.quote("https://httpbin.org/get?name=张三&age=12", safe=':/?=&') # 进行url编码 res = urllib.request.urlopen("url") print(res.read().decode("utf-8")) # 自己解码

Python3 requests

import requests res = requests.get("https://httpbin.org/get?name=张三&age=12") # 自动编码 print(res.text) # 自动按默认utf-8解码

Post x-www-form-urlencoded传统表单请求#

POST http://httpbin.org/post 请求数据: name=张三&age=12

Python3 http.client

import http.client import urllib.parse conn = http.client.HTTPConnection("httpbin.org") data = urllib.parse.urlencode({"name":"张三", "age": 12}).encode("utf-8") # 对数据进行url编码及utf-8编码 conn.request("POST", '/post', data) res = conn.getresponse() print(res.read().decode("utf-8"))

Python3 urllib.request

import urllib import urllib.parse import urllib.request data = urllib.parse.urlencode({"name":"张三", "age": 12}).encode("utf-8") # 对数据进行url编码及utf-8编码 req = urllib.request.Request("http://httpbin.org/post", data=data) res = urllib.request.urlopen(req) print(res.read().decode("utf-8"))

Python3 requests

import requests data = {"name":"张三", "age": 12} res = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=data) # 自动编码 print(res.text)

Post application/json请求#

POST http://httpbin.org/post 请求数据: {“name”: “张三”,“age”: 12}

Python3 http.client

import http.client import urllib.parse import json conn = http.client.HTTPConnection("httpbin.org") data = '{"name":"张三", "age": 12}'.encode('utf-8') # 或data = json.dumps({"name":"张三", "age": 12}) headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"} conn.request("POST", '/post', data, headers) res = conn.getresponse() print(res.read().decode("utf-8"))

Python3 urllib.request

import urllib import urllib.parse import urllib.request import json data = '{"name":"张三", "age": 12}'.encode('utf-8') # 或data = json.dumps({"name":"张三", "age": 12}) headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"} req = urllib.request.Request("http://httpbin.org/post", data=data, headers=headers) res = urllib.request.urlopen(req) print(res.read().decode("utf-8"))

Python3 requests

import requests data = {"name":"张三", "age": 12} res = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", json=data) print(res.json()) # 转为字典格式

或

import requests import json data = {"name":"张三", "age": 12} headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"} res = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=json.dumps(data), headers=headers) print(res.json()) # 转为字典格式